1. Exclusion criteria

Exclusion variables from HCP restricted database that include Tier 1 and Tier 2 variables. Variables description can be consulted at https://wiki.humanconnectome.org/display/PublicData/HCP-YA+Data+Dictionary-+Updated+for+the+1200+Subject+Release

The database download date was 03/17/2021

Exclusion criteria for the HCP-1200 restricted database:

    1. Hypothyroidism (Exclusion of Afirmative Responses: YES = 1).
    2. Hyperthyroidism (Exclusion of Afirmative Responses: YES = 1).
    3. Using birth control pills, progesterone, or fertility drugs (Exclusion of Afirmative Responses: YES = 1).
    4. Menstrual Regular cycles (Exclusion of Negative Responses: NO = 0 ).

Achenbach Adult Self Report

    5. ASR DSM-Depresive problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    6. ASR DSM-Anxiety problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    7. ASR DSM-Somatic problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    8. ASR DSM- Avoidant personality problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    9. ASR DSM Attention deficit and hyperactivity problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    10. ASR DSM Antisocial personality problems (Exclusion of T Scores > 65)
    

SSAGA (Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism)

    11. Presence of panic disorders at some time in life (Exclusion of responses:1=Yes)
    12. Presence of agoraphobia disorder at some point in life (Exclusion of responses:5=Yes)

Drug Consumption

    13. Alcohol consumption above 0.05 using breath analyzer (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    14. Alcohol consumption above 0.08 using a breath analyzer (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    15. Cocaine consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    16. THC consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE)
    17. Opioids consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    18. Amphetamine consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    19. Methamphetamine consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    20. Oxycontin consumption (Exclusion of responses = TRUE).
    21. SSAGA DSM-IV Alcohol abuse at some point in life (Exclusion of responses: 5=YES).
    22. Fagerstrom Test nicotine dependence (Exclusion of Scores >= 6)
    23. Acquired Freesurfer measures 
    24. Subjects with brain structural abnormalities (coded A-B) found in the HCP Quality Control process.  
    

For more information related to brain structural abnormalities, see the QC Issues wiki: A= Focal anatomical anomaly (e.g. calcification, cavernoma, cyst, etc.) found in T1w and/or T2w scans in a restricted brain region; B= Focal segmentation or surface error(s) in outputs from the HCP Structural pipeline

2. Filtering process

Racial and ethnic identity frecuencies

Ethnic identity discarded from filtered database due to under sampling and the selection of White and Black or African Americans racial identities` due to the most representative groups.

 data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity <- data_connectome_filtered %>%  filter(Racial_identity %in% c("Black or African Am.", "White"),Ethnicity %in% c("Not Hispanic/Latino", "Unknown or Not Reported")) 

Factorized GENDER, RACIAL IDENTITY, and ECONOMIC INCOME variables

##SSAGA_income = Total household income: <$10,000 = 1,10K-19,999 = 2, 20K-29,999 = 3,30K-39,999 = 4, 40K-49,999 = 5, 50K-74,999 = 6, 75K-99,999 = 7, >=100,000 = 8

data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity$Racial_identity <- factor(data_connectome_filtered_race_factor$Racial_identity, levels = c("White","Black or African Am."),labels = c("0","1"))

data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity$Gender <-factor(data_connectome_filtered_race_factor$Gender, levels = c("M","F"),labels = c("0","1"))

data_connectome_filtered_racial_identityr$Gender <-factor(data_connectome_filtered_race_factor$Gender, levels = c("0","1"),labels = c("M","F"))

data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity$Racial_identity <- factor(data_connectome_filtered_race_factor$Racial_identity, levels = c("0","1"),labels = c("White","Black or African Am."))

data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity$SSAGA_Income <- factor(data_connectome_filtered_race_factor$SSAGA_Income, levels = c("1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8"),labels = c("<$10000","10K-19999","20K-29999","30K-39999","40K-49999", "50K-74999","75K-99999", ">=100000"))

Descriptives for filtered sample

## There was an error in 'add_p()/add_difference()' for variable 'SSAGA_Income', p-value omitted:
## Error in stats::fisher.test(structure(c(4L, 7L, 3L, 7L, 6L, 3L, 3L, 7L, : FEXACT error 7(location). LDSTP=18600 is too small for this problem,
##   (pastp=46.6049, ipn_0:=ipoin[itp=7]=2845, stp[ipn_0]=39.9607).
## Increase workspace or consider using 'simulate.p.value=TRUE'
Table 1. Descriptives for racial identity
N Racial Identity p-value2
White, N = 3381 Black or African Am., N = 561
Age (y) 394 29.12 (3.60) 29.25 (3.62) 0.801
Sex 394 0.035
M 190 (56%) 23 (41%)
F 148 (44%) 33 (59%)
Education(y) 392 15.15 (1.69) 14.41 (1.90) 0.007
Unknown 2 0
Economic Income 391
<$10000 12 (3.6%) 7 (12%)
10K-19999 22 (6.6%) 10 (18%)
20K-29999 34 (10%) 9 (16%)
30K-39999 32 (9.6%) 10 (18%)
40K-49999 39 (12%) 5 (8.9%)
50K-74999 76 (23%) 8 (14%)
75K-99999 53 (16%) 1 (1.8%)
>=100000 67 (20%) 6 (11%)
Unknown 3 0

1 Mean (SD); n (%)

2 Welch Two Sample t-test; Pearson's Chi-squared test

2. Brain volume ANCOVA permutational analysis

Brain volumetry is corrected by intracraneal volume values taken from FreeSurfer Summery statistics.

volumetry_data_connectome_filtered <- data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity %>%  select(c(## Colums numbers of volumetric measures))

# FS_IntraCranial_Vol = Free Surfer intracraneal volume measures

volumetry_data_connectome_filtered_normalized_icv <- volumetry_data_connectome_filtered %>%  lapply(function(x) x/volumetry_data_connectome_filtered$FS_IntraCranial_Vol) %>% as.data.frame() %>% select(-1)

# Filtered database binding with normalized brain volumetric data 

data_connectome_filtered_with_volumetry_normalized_icv <- cbind(data_connectome_filtered_racial_identity,volumetry_data_connectome_filtered_normalized_icv) 

Brain volumetry descriptives

permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal %>% na.omit() %>% select(c(2,6:17,24:62)) %>% 
   dplyr::rename(
    "Brain Seg"= BrainSeg_Vol,                         
    "Brain Seg No Vent" = BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent,                  
    "Brain Seg No Vent Surf" = BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent_Surf,
    "Left Cortical GM" = LCort_GM_Vol,                         
    "Right Cortical GM" =RCort_GM_Vol,
    "Cortical GM" = TotCort_GM_Vol, 
    "Subcortical GM" = SubCort_GM_Vol,
    "Total GM" = Total_GM_Vol,
    "SupraTentorial" = SupraTentorial_Vol,
    "Left WM" = L_WM_Vol,
    "Right WM" = R_WM_Vol,
    "Total WM" = Tot_WM_Vol,
    "Left Lat Ventricle" = LatVent_Vol,
    "Left Inf Lat Ventricle" = L_InfLatVent_Vol,
    "Left Cerebellum WM" = L_Cerebellum_WM_Vol,
    "Left Cerebellum Cortex" = L_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol,
    "Left Thalamus Proper" = L_ThalamusProper_Vol,
    "Left Caudate" = L_Caudate_Vol,
    "Left Putamen" = L_Putamen_Vol,
    "Left Pallidum" = L_Pallidum_Vol,
    "3rd Ventricle" = `3rdVent_Vol`,
    "4th Ventricle" = `4thVent_Vol`,
    "Brain Stem" = BrainStem_Vol,
    "Left Hippocampus" = L_Hippo_Vol,
    "Left Amygdala"= L_Amygdala_Vol,
    "CSF" = CSF_Vol,
    "Left Accumbens Area" = L_AccumbensArea_Vol,
    "Left Vent Diencephalon" = L_VentDC_Vol,
    "Left Vessel" = L_Vessel_Vol,
    "Left Choroid Plexus" = L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol,
    "Right Lat Ventricle"= R_LatVent_Vol,
    "Right Inf Lat Ventricle"= R_InfLatVent_Vol,
    "Right Cerebellum WM"=R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol,
    "Right Cerebellum Cortex" = R_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol,
    "Right Thalamus Proper" = R_ThalamusProper_Vol,
    "Right Caudate" = R_Caudate_Vol,
    "Right Putamen" = R_Putamen_Vol,
    "Right Pallidum" = R_Pallidum_Vol,
    "Right Hippocampus" = R_Hippo_Vol,
    "Right Amygdala"= R_Amygdala_Vol,
    "Right Accumbens Area" = R_AccumbensArea_Vol,
    "Right Vent Diencephalon"= R_VentDC_Vol,
    "Right Vessel" = R_Vessel_Vol,
    "Right Choroid Plexus"= R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol,
    "5th Ventricle" = `5thVent_Vol`,
    "Optic Chiasm" = OpticChiasm_Vol,
    "CC Posterior"= CC_Posterior_Vol,
    "CC MidPosterior"= CC_MidPosterior_Vol,
    "CC Central" = CC_Central_Vol,
    "CC MidAnterior" = CC_MidAnterior_Vol,
    "CC Anterior" = CC_Anterior_Vol) %>% tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 4)) %>%
    modify_header(label ~ "**Brain Regions**") %>% as_gt()
Brain Regions White, N = 3351 Black or African Am., N = 561
Brain Seg 0.7478 (0.03997) 0.7674 (0.07524)
Brain Seg No Vent 0.7362 (0.04067) 0.7548 (0.07559)
Brain Seg No Vent Surf 0.7350 (0.04062) 0.7536 (0.07550)
Left Cortical GM 0.1599 (0.01084) 0.1617 (0.01692)
Right Cortical GM 0.1636 (0.01053) 0.1653 (0.01732)
Cortical GM 0.3235 (0.02109) 0.3269 (0.03418)
Subcortical GM 0.03834 (0.002698) 0.04055 (0.005034)
Total GM 0.4351 (0.02552) 0.4407 (0.04499)
SupraTentorial 0.6544 (0.03746) 0.6726 (0.06674)
Left WM 0.1400 (0.01035) 0.1456 (0.01530)
Right WM 0.142 (0.01041) 0.148 (0.01591)
Total WM 0.2820 (0.02072) 0.2936 (0.03118)
Left Lat Ventricle 0.004069 (0.002128) 0.004386 (0.001942)
Left Inf Lat Ventricle 0.0001345 (7.563e-05) 0.0001337 (7.621e-05)
Left Cerebellum WM 0.009156 (0.001009) 0.009890 (0.001650)
Left Cerebellum Cortex 0.03637 (0.003116) 0.03627 (0.004179)
Left Thalamus Proper 0.005314 (0.0004950) 0.005662 (0.0007313)
Left Caudate 0.002389 (0.0002699) 0.002561 (0.0003973)
Left Putamen 0.003470 (0.0004249) 0.003669 (0.0006941)
Left Pallidum 0.0008439 (0.0001306) 0.0009094 (0.0002019)
3rd Ventricle 0.0004760 (0.0001241) 0.0004903 (0.0001525)
4th Ventricle 0.001090 (0.0003352) 0.001153 (0.0004072)
Brain Stem 0.01375 (0.001411) 0.01463 (0.002037)
Left Hippocampus 0.002798 (0.0002746) 0.002896 (0.0003114)
Left Amygdala 0.0009859 (0.0001046) 0.0010127 (0.0001142)
CSF 0.0006649 (0.0001156) 0.0006931 (0.0001229)
Left Accumbens Area 0.0003560 (5.225e-05) 0.0003732 (6.880e-05)
Left Vent Diencephalon 0.002658 (0.0002414) 0.002766 (0.0004031)
Left Vessel 4.431e-05 (2.552e-05) 4.492e-05 (3.257e-05)
Left Choroid Plexus 0.0006879 (0.0001265) 0.0007718 (0.0001564)
Right Lat Ventricle 0.003753 (0.001902) 0.004146 (0.001875)
Right Inf Lat Ventricle 0.0001381 (8.761e-05) 0.0001500 (8.713e-05)
Right Cerebellum WM 0.009315 (0.001034) 0.010071 (0.001618)
Right Cerebellum Cortex 0.03739 (0.003251) 0.03741 (0.004374)
Right Thalamus Proper 0.004650 (0.0004254) 0.005033 (0.0006962)
Right Caudate 0.002467 (0.0002746) 0.002643 (0.0003947)
Right Putamen 0.003502 (0.0003690) 0.003684 (0.0006193)
Right Pallidum 0.000927 (0.0001037) 0.001005 (0.0001865)
Right Hippocampus 0.00283 (0.0002505) 0.00296 (0.0003008)
Right Amygdala 0.001037 (0.0001166) 0.001073 (0.0001281)
Right Accumbens Area 0.0003801 (5.413e-05) 0.0003955 (6.519e-05)
Right Vent Diencephalon 0.002673 (0.0002312) 0.002813 (0.0003966)
Right Vessel 4.94e-05 (2.359e-05) 5.08e-05 (3.158e-05)
Right Choroid Plexus 0.0007852 (0.0001559) 0.0008843 (0.0002290)
5th Ventricle 2.553e-06 (3.227e-06) 2.376e-06 (3.645e-06)
Optic Chiasm 0.0001423 (2.936e-05) 0.0001660 (3.156e-05)
CC Posterior 0.0005998 (9.114e-05) 0.0006727 (1.129e-04)
CC MidPosterior 0.0002950 (6.533e-05) 0.0003024 (7.683e-05)
CC Central 0.0003151 (7.108e-05) 0.0003310 (6.916e-05)
CC MidAnterior 0.0003113 (6.725e-05) 0.0003322 (7.376e-05)
CC Anterior 0.0005577 (8.614e-05) 0.0006323 (9.232e-05)

1 Mean (SD)

Permutational analysis adjusted for Age, Gender, Education (years) & Economic income

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Brain segmentation volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.01003
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.00219
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01533
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.00002
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.00604
## Residuals                                                              0.81660
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0100273
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0021880
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0153330
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000209
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0008624
## Residuals                                                             0.0021546
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1470
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1450
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1253
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.06395
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.06483
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.00080
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.89385
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Brain segmentation volume w/o ventricles

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.00835
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.00157
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01777
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.00005
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.00720
## Residuals                                                              0.83531
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0083453
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0015664
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0177727
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000537
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0010283
## Residuals                                                             0.0022040
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1269
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        68
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     818
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.07329
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.90196
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.60294
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.82396
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Brain segmentation volume w/o ventricles from surface

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.00827
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.00162
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01748
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.00006
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.00712
## Residuals                                                              0.83344
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0082713
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0016163
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0174818
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000551
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0010177
## Residuals                                                             0.0021990
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       365
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     369
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.0146
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.2164
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        0.7451
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.9241
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left hemisphere cortical gray matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.000010
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.000365
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.002511
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000005
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.000343
## Residuals                                                             0.051947
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00001050
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00036460
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00251055
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000519
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00004902
## Residuals                                                             0.00013706
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     620
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.6667
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        0.7843
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      1.0000
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right hemisphere cortical gray matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.000007
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.000265
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.001899
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000003
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.000394
## Residuals                                                             0.051061
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00000739
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00026507
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00189856
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000264
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00005629
## Residuals                                                             0.00013472
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   85
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1597
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     550
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.54118
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.05949
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.66909
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Total cortical gray matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.000036
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.001251
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.008776
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000015
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.001381
## Residuals                                                             0.201885
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0000355
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0012514
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0087755
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000152
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0001973
## Residuals                                                             0.0005327
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1501
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     262
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.98039
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.06262
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.84733
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Total grey matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.000137
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.001233
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.016548
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000021
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.003794
## Residuals                                                             0.307344
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0001373
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0012326
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0165482
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000206
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0005421
## Residuals                                                             0.0008109
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  230
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     738
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.3043
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        0.8627
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.7995
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Total subcortical gray matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                        R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0001125
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0000000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0003179
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000002
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0000552
## Residuals                                                             0.0034183
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00011254
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00000004
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00031786
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000017
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00000788
## Residuals                                                             0.00000902
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1122
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.5392
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Supratentorial volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.00910
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.00226
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01081
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.00006
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.00407
## Residuals                                                              0.69229
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0090984
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0022554
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0108103
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000630
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0005810
## Residuals                                                             0.0018266
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2614
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1061
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     802
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.03711
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.08671
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01740
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.88235
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     1.00000
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left hemisphere cortical white matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.001130
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.001358
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.000000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000059
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.000392
## Residuals                                                             0.046560
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00112980
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00135782
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00000005
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00005911
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00005603
## Residuals                                                             0.00012285
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     801
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.0004
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        0.9412
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.9139
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right hemisphere cortical white matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.001333
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.001500
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.000000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000043
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.000471
## Residuals                                                             0.047728
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00133328
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00150020
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00000029
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00004328
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00006732
## Residuals                                                             0.00012593
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     977
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6428
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Total cortical white matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                       R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.004918
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.005713
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.000001
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.000204
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.001719
## Residuals                                                             0.187826
##                                                                       R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0049177
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0057126
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0000006
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0002035
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0002455
## Residuals                                                             0.0004956
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     450
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.9244
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left lateral ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00001242
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00000774
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00002102
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000032
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00004496
## Residuals                                                             0.00163841
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.2423e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.7439e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.1022e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.1950e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.4222e-06
## Residuals                                                             4.3230e-06
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3021
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1702
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.03211
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.05582
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.00660
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.34140
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity * 
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      . 
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          **
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      
## Residuals                                                               
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left inferior lateral ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.2000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.6800e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1100e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.9700e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.8970e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.1952e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.1550e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.6838e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1144e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.9702e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    4.1384e-09
## Residuals                                                             5.7920e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals

Left hemisphere cerebellum white matter volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00002242
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00000001
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00000492
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000034
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00000706
## Residuals                                                             0.00047668
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.2416e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      8.4000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          4.9237e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.4310e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.0089e-06
## Residuals                                                             1.2577e-06
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2402
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.0104
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.0158
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.5354
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left hemisphere cerebellum cortex volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                        R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0000104
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0000001
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0000765
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000002
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0001621
## Residuals                                                             0.0039539
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.0392e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      8.8000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.6539e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6200e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.3156e-05
## Residuals                                                             1.0432e-05
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1160
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.08017
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.00040
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.02300
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    *  
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left thalamus proper volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9800e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.7400e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.7380e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.2000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.0300e-06
## Residuals                                                             1.0091e-04
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9799e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.7390e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.7376e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.1800e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.4710e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.6630e-07
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1626
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     800
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.05843
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.72125
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left caudate volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.6640e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.8900e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.6891e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.1000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.7780e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.9802e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.6637e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.8950e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.6891e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.0600e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.9690e-08
## Residuals                                                             7.8630e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1505
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.6863
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6997
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left putamen volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.5000e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.0600e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.9540e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6200e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3830e-06
## Residuals                                                             8.2894e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.5039e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.0597e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.9545e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6165e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.9757e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.1872e-07
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2221
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       330
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1219
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.04322
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.78431
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.23333
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.54061
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left pallidum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.3800e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.7800e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.1600e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.0000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.6600e-08
## Residuals                                                             7.7774e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.3798e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.7777e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.1634e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.9710e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3803e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.0521e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  594
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            87
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     488
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.1448
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.6863
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.5402
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.4816
## Residuals

3rd ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.6200e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0200e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.1800e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.7300e-08
## Residuals                                                             6.2679e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.6215e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0247e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.1818e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5270e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.3230e-09
## Residuals                                                             1.6538e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     820
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.6667
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.7647
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.0144
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.9110
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

4th ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.0900e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0200e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.2000e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.2620e-06
## Residuals                                                             4.5084e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.0929e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0178e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.1953e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5644e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.8022e-07
## Residuals                                                             1.1895e-07
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  255
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       356
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2459
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       136
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3221
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.28235
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.22191
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.03945
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.42647
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.11270
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

5th ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3.0000e-13
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.5000e-12
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          9.7000e-12
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.0000e-13
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    4.6600e-11
## Residuals                                                             4.1485e-09
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.7370e-13
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.4853e-12
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          9.7394e-12
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      5.0200e-14
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.6513e-12
## Residuals                                                             1.0946e-11
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals

Brain stem volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00002390
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00000695
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00002967
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000032
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00000968
## Residuals                                                             0.00083209
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.3899e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      6.9470e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.9673e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.2310e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3824e-06
## Residuals                                                             2.1955e-06
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  235
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       192
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     820
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.3021
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.3438
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.5707
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left hippocampus volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.9700e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.4840e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.8967e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5140e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.4360e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.7002e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.9700e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.4840e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.8967e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5143e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3480e-07
## Residuals                                                             7.1240e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1271
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       812
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3902
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.07317
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.11084
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.11430
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      .  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left amygdala volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.8500e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.9600e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          4.0000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      9.0000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.8000e-08
## Residuals                                                             4.2692e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.8487e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.9650e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.7490e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      8.8090e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.7074e-09
## Residuals                                                             1.1264e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  169
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     500
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.3728
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.7843
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.5180
## Residuals

Cerebral spinal fluid volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5.7400e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      8.0000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.5200e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.0500e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.6900e-08
## Residuals                                                             5.1867e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5.7434e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.9750e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.5231e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.0464e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    8.1260e-09
## Residuals                                                             1.3685e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           166
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       104
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      78
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.7255
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.3795
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        0.4904
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6410
## Residuals

Left accumbens area volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 9.3600e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.5900e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.6500e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.6720e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.4710e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.1252e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 9.3625e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.5949e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.6455e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.6723e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.1008e-09
## Residuals                                                             2.9689e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left ventral diencephalon volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9670e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.2000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          9.4420e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000e+00
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.1650e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.7094e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9673e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.2000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          9.4422e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      3.0000e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    4.5210e-08
## Residuals                                                             7.1490e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   95
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1143
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.5158
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6255
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left vessel volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.7100e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.6800e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.0000e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.1000e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.4030e-09
## Residuals                                                             2.7318e-07
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.7069e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.6761e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.9820e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.0710e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.4326e-10
## Residuals                                                             7.2078e-10
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals

Left choroid plexus volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.7470e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4.1200e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.7000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      4.4000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.6800e-08
## Residuals                                                             6.5968e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.7470e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4.1175e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.6980e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      4.4430e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.5430e-09
## Residuals                                                             1.7406e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       632
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2763
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.1377
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.9468
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right lateral ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00001137
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00001286
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00001126
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000433
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00003016
## Residuals                                                             0.00134073
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.1367e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.2857e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1261e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      4.3339e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    4.3082e-06
## Residuals                                                             3.5375e-06
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2866
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           437
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       126
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2819
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.03385
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.88235
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.18764
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.44444
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.36112
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right inferior lateral ventricle volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.9700e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      3.3110e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.7660e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      8.8800e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3340e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.9108e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.9740e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      3.3106e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.7660e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      8.8780e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.9060e-09
## Residuals                                                             7.6800e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2846
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           744
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.03408
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.11962
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     1.00000
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right hemisphere cerebellum white matter

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.00002311
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.00000000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.00000181
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.00000212
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.00001201
## Residuals                                                             0.00048554
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.3106e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      3.4000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.8080e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.1208e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.7155e-06
## Residuals                                                             1.2811e-06
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           167
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        77
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3313
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.37725
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.57143
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.09297
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    .  
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right hemisphere cerebellum cortex volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                        R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 0.0000027
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      0.0000000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          0.0000760
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000010
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    0.0001595
## Residuals                                                             0.0043375
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.6960e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.6000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          7.5973e-05
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.0040e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.2784e-05
## Residuals                                                             1.1445e-05
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   75
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          4048
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.57333
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.98039
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.02421
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       0.86275
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.05500
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    .
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right thalamus proper volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 4.1960e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      6.0000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5.0980e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.0600e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.4400e-07
## Residuals                                                             8.0276e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 4.1963e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.9700e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5.0985e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.0560e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    7.7700e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.1180e-07
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        66
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     485
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   0.0058
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.6061
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.8433
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ** 
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right caudate volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.5010e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0400e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.1999e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.9000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.5330e-07
## Residuals                                                             3.1014e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 7.5008e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.0380e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.1999e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.8700e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.0480e-08
## Residuals                                                             8.1830e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     653
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.8627
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6907
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right putamen volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5.7800e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.8200e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.2790e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.8000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.0370e-06
## Residuals                                                             6.2777e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5.7797e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.8194e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.2792e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.7640e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.4817e-07
## Residuals                                                             1.6564e-07
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2429
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       219
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     664
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.03993
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.31507
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.00760
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.59789
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity * 
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          **
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      
## Residuals                                                               
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right pallidum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.7660e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.7000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.3550e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.9000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.6750e-07
## Residuals                                                             5.2016e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.7660e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.6700e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.3548e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.8760e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.3935e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.3725e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         1.000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         1.000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       0.054
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    .  
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right hippocampus volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3.5840e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.0330e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.9648e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.0000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.0750e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.2967e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3.5845e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.0329e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.9648e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      7.0100e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.9650e-08
## Residuals                                                             6.0600e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2449
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4925
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1141
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  0.03961
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.02010
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           < 2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.74321
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity *  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      *  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right amygdala volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9500e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.0000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.2200e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.3000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.3200e-08
## Residuals                                                             5.3252e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9455e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.4130e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.2180e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.2532e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.3314e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.4051e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     653
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.7647
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.8346
## Residuals

Right accumbens area volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                        R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.870e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.140e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.185e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.900e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    8.060e-09
## Residuals                                                             1.190e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.8667e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5.1383e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1850e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.8890e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.1518e-09
## Residuals                                                             3.1399e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           242
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.2934
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      1.0000
## Residuals

Right ventral diencephalon volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.6870e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4.6400e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1026e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      0.0000e+00
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2.1490e-07
## Residuals                                                             2.5178e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 6.6875e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4.6420e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.1026e-06
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.0000e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.0700e-08
## Residuals                                                             6.6430e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     177
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right vessel volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                        R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.300e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.130e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.510e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.595e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.322e-09
## Residuals                                                             2.359e-07
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.3300e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.1347e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          2.5105e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.5951e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    4.7461e-10
## Residuals                                                             6.2244e-10
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals

Right choroid plexus volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 4.1920e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.3110e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.3000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.1000e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.3800e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.0778e-05
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 4.1918e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.3112e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.2900e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.0800e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.1200e-09
## Residuals                                                             2.8440e-08
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.0186
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      1.0000
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      *  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Optic chiasm volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.8380e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.4000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.2900e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.0000e-11
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    6.3400e-09
## Residuals                                                             3.3008e-07
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.8379e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.3710e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          6.2900e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.5000e-12
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    9.0530e-10
## Residuals                                                             8.7090e-10
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      51
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender                 1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ             1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income           1
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender             
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Posterior corpus callosum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.4486e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.1010e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.1153e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6900e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    7.6680e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.8391e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.4486e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.1011e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.1153e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      1.6890e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.0954e-08
## Residuals                                                             7.4910e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.1562
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Mid-posterior corpus callosum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3.4000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.7930e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          4.2940e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.6400e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.2910e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.5907e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 3.3800e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      2.7928e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          4.2942e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.6370e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    7.5580e-09
## Residuals                                                             4.1970e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      4755
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    2578
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       0.02061
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender           0.01180
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     0.15477
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Central corpus callosum volume results

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9400e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.9300e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5.2300e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.1000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.1060e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.8238e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 2.9390e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      7.9350e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5.2296e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      6.0700e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    7.2940e-09
## Residuals                                                             4.8120e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5000
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.3086
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity    
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Mid-anterior corpus callosum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 8.1300e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.3000e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.3780e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      4.4400e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    3.7730e-08
## Residuals                                                             1.6993e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 8.1310e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      1.3001e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          3.3775e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      4.4370e-09
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    5.3910e-09
## Residuals                                                             4.4840e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1131
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        0.8431
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            0.0164
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.6136
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                        
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity  
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          *
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ       
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income     
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Anterior corpus callosum volume

## Component 1 :
##                                                                        Df
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      7
## Residuals                                                             379
##                                                                         R Sum Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.7538e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.9440e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.3134e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.7000e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    8.6410e-08
## Residuals                                                             2.5336e-06
##                                                                        R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 1.7538e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      9.9440e-08
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          1.3134e-07
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ      2.6800e-10
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1.2345e-08
## Residuals                                                             6.6850e-09
##                                                                       Iter
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity 5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          5000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        51
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income    1028
## Residuals                                                                 
##                                                                       Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity   <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender            <2e-16
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income      0.1955
## Residuals                                                                     
##                                                                          
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Racial_identity ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Age_in_Yrs      ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$Gender          ***
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Educ         
## permutational_ancova_volumetry_corrected_intracraneal$SSAGA_Income       
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

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Brain regions permutation p-values Holm
BrainSeg_Vol 0.0639456 1.0000
BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent 0.0732861 1.0000
BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent_Surf 0.0146000 0.4964
LCort_GM_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
RCort_GM_Vol 0.5411765 1.0000
TotCort_GM_Vol 0.9803922 1.0000
SubCort_GM_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
Total_GM_Vol 0.3043478 1.0000
SupraTentorial_Vol 0.0371079 1.0000
L_WM_Vol 0.0004000 0.0148
R_WM_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
Tot_WM_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
LatVent_Vol 0.0321086 1.0000
L_InfLatVent_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Cerebellum_WM_Vol 0.0104000 0.3640
L_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol 0.0801724 1.0000
L_ThalamusProper_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Caudate_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Putamen_Vol 0.0432238 1.0000
L_Pallidum_Vol 0.1447811 1.0000
3rdVent_Vol 0.6666667 1.0000
4thVent_Vol 0.2823529 1.0000
BrainStem_Vol 0.3021277 1.0000
L_Hippo_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Amygdala_Vol 0.3727811 1.0000
CSF_Vol 0.7254902 1.0000
L_AccumbensArea_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
L_VentDC_Vol 0.5157895 1.0000
L_Vessel_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
R_LatVent_Vol 0.0338451 1.0000
R_InfLatVent_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol 0.5733333 1.0000
R_ThalamusProper_Vol 0.0058000 0.2088
R_Caudate_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Putamen_Vol 0.0399341 1.0000
R_Pallidum_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Hippo_Vol 0.0396080 1.0000
R_Amygdala_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
R_AccumbensArea_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
R_VentDC_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Vessel_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
5thVent_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
OpticChiasm_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
CC_Posterior_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
CC_MidPosterior_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
CC_Central_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
CC_MidAnterior_Vol 1.0000000 1.0000
CC_Anterior_Vol 0.0000000 0.0000
##    volumetry_corrected_ICV permutation_pvalue   Holm
## 1           SubCort_GM_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 2                 L_WM_Vol              4e-04 0.0148
## 3                 R_WM_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 4               Tot_WM_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 5     L_ThalamusProper_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 6            L_Caudate_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 7      L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 8      R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 9            R_Caudate_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 10          R_Pallidum_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 11            R_VentDC_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 12     R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 13         OpticChiasm_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 14        CC_Posterior_Vol              0e+00 0.0000
## 15         CC_Anterior_Vol              0e+00 0.0000

Graphs of brain regions volumes with statistical significance after multiple comparisons analysis

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3. Brain cortical thickness ANCOVA permutational analysis

Permutational analysis adjusted for Age, Gender, Education (years) & Economic income

Brain Cortical Thickness descriptives

permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness %>% na.omit() %>% select(c(2,6:73)) %>% 
   dplyr::rename(
    "Left Banks STS" = L_Bankssts_Thck,
    "Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate" = L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Caudal Middle Frontal" = L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Left Cuneus" = L_Cuneus_Thck,
    "Left Entorhinal" = L_Entorhinal_Thck,
    "Left Fusiform" = L_Fusiform_Thck, 
    "Left Inferior Parietal" = L_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    "Left Inferior Temporal" = L_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    "Left Isthmuscingulate" = L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    "Left Lateral Occipital" = L_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    "Left Lateral Orbitofrontal" = L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Left Lingual"  = L_Lingual_Thck,
    "Left Medialorbitofrontal" = L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Left Middletemporal" = L_Middletemporal_Thck,
    "Left Parahippocampal" = L_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    "Left Paracentral" = L_Paracentral_Thck,
    "Left Parsopercularis" = L_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    "Left Parsorbitalis" = L_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    "Left Parstriangularis" = L_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    "Left Pericalcarine" = L_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    "Left Postcentral" = L_Postcentral_Thck,
    "Left Posterior Cingulate" = L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Precentral" = L_Precentral_Thck,
    "Left Precuneus" = L_Precuneus_Thck,
    "Left Rostral anterior cingulate" = L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Rostral middle frontal" = L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Frontal" = L_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Parietal" = L_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Temporal" = L_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    "Left Supramarginal" = L_Supramarginal_Thck,
    "Left Frontal Pole" = L_Frontalpole_Thck,
    "Left Temporal Pole" = L_Temporalpole_Thck,
    "Left Transverse Temporal" = L_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    "Left Insula" = L_Insula_Thck,
    "Right Banks STS" = R_Bankssts_Thck,
    "Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate"= R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Caudal Middle Frontal" = R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Right Cuneus" = R_Cuneus_Thck,
    "Right Entorhinal" = R_Entorhinal_Thck,
    "Right Fusiform" = R_Fusiform_Thck,
    "Right Inferior Parietal" =R_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    "Right Inferior Temporal" = R_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    "Right Isthmuscingulate" = R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    "Right Lateral Occipital" = R_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    "Right Lateral Orbitofrontal" = R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Right Lingual" = R_Lingual_Thck,
    "Right Medial Orbitofrontal" = R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Right Middle Temporal"= R_Middletemporal_Thck,
    "Right _Parahippocampal" = R_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    "Right Paracentral" = R_Paracentral_Thck,
    "Right Parsopercularis"= R_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    "Right Parsorbitalis" = R_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    "Right Parstriangularis" = R_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    "Right Pericalcarine" = R_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    "Right Postcentral" = R_Postcentral_Thck,
    "Right Posterior Cingulate" = R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Precentral" = R_Precentral_Thck,
    "Right Precuneus" = R_Precuneus_Thck,
    "Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate" = R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Rostral Middle Frontal" = R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Frontal" = R_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Parietal" = R_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Temporal" = R_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    "Right Supramarginal" = R_Supramarginal_Thck,
    "Right Frontal Pole" = R_Frontalpole_Thck,
    "Right Temporal Pole" = R_Temporalpole_Thck,                  
    "Right Transverse Temporal" = R_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    "Right Insula" = R_Insula_Thck ) %>% tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 4)) %>%
    modify_header(label ~ "**Brain Regions**") %>% as_gt()
Brain Regions White, N = 3351 Black or African Am., N = 561
Left Banks STS 2.693 (0.1414) 2.652 (0.1345)
Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate 2.687 (0.1650) 2.742 (0.1818)
Left Caudal Middle Frontal 2.728 (0.126) 2.762 (0.126)
Left Cuneus 2.099 (0.1214) 2.040 (0.1011)
Left Entorhinal 3.318 (0.2490) 3.271 (0.2034)
Left Fusiform 2.889 (0.12094) 2.850 (0.09736)
Left Inferior Parietal 2.585 (0.1118) 2.552 (0.1017)
Left Inferior Temporal 2.954 (0.1289) 2.930 (0.1036)
Left Isthmuscingulate 2.290 (0.2969) 2.273 (0.2116)
Left Lateral Occipital 2.312 (0.1099) 2.234 (0.1040)
Left Lateral Orbitofrontal 2.817 (0.1265) 2.789 (0.1476)
Left Lingual 2.189 (0.11238) 2.125 (0.09406)
Left Medialorbitofrontal 2.555 (0.1610) 2.619 (0.1388)
Left Middletemporal 2.991 (0.1347) 2.950 (0.1184)
Left Parahippocampal 2.730 (0.2678) 2.707 (0.2213)
Left Paracentral 2.569 (0.1365) 2.542 (0.1193)
Left Parsopercularis 2.778 (0.1306) 2.796 (0.1117)
Left Parsorbitalis 2.777 (0.1536) 2.790 (0.1663)
Left Parstriangularis 2.629 (0.1285) 2.634 (0.1437)
Left Pericalcarine 2.020 (0.1170) 1.978 (0.1141)
Left Postcentral 2.230 (0.10179) 2.176 (0.09014)
Left Posterior Cingulate 2.564 (0.1298) 2.582 (0.1247)
Left Precentral 2.738 (0.12175) 2.740 (0.09945)
Left Precuneus 2.533 (0.1143) 2.514 (0.1153)
Left Rostral anterior cingulate 3.020 (0.1954) 3.081 (0.1964)
Left Rostral middle frontal 2.567 (0.1193) 2.584 (0.1360)
Left Superior Frontal 2.832 (0.1364) 2.869 (0.1321)
Left Superior Parietal 2.294 (0.1055) 2.281 (0.1039)
Left Superior Temporal 2.902 (0.1368) 2.888 (0.1137)
Left Supramarginal 2.665 (0.1162) 2.633 (0.1116)
Left Frontal Pole 2.825 (0.2009) 2.870 (0.2009)
Left Temporal Pole 3.420 (0.2569) 3.411 (0.2510)
Left Transverse Temporal 2.667 (0.1741) 2.598 (0.1683)
Left Insula 3.067 (0.1443) 3.020 (0.1444)
Right Banks STS 2.810 (0.1342) 2.744 (0.1603)
Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate 2.504 (0.2369) 2.536 (0.2326)
Right Caudal Middle Frontal 2.742 (0.1170) 2.777 (0.1229)
Right Cuneus 2.099 (0.1105) 2.042 (0.1147)
Right Entorhinal 3.445 (0.2412) 3.313 (0.2290)
Right Fusiform 2.906 (0.1104) 2.860 (0.1161)
Right Inferior Parietal 2.657 (0.10264) 2.618 (0.09668)
Right Inferior Temporal 2.991 (0.1221) 2.954 (0.1147)
Right Isthmuscingulate 2.336 (0.1715) 2.304 (0.1802)
Right Lateral Occipital 2.366 (0.1036) 2.273 (0.1102)
Right Lateral Orbitofrontal 2.844 (0.1278) 2.808 (0.1417)
Right Lingual 2.208 (0.1101) 2.132 (0.1075)
Right Medial Orbitofrontal 2.737 (0.1398) 2.774 (0.1516)
Right Middle Temporal 3.074 (0.1211) 3.013 (0.1111)
Right _Parahippocampal 2.712 (0.2310) 2.656 (0.1573)
Right Paracentral 2.595 (0.1307) 2.588 (0.1187)
Right Parsopercularis 2.827 (0.1131) 2.854 (0.1314)
Right Parsorbitalis 2.843 (0.1509) 2.843 (0.1390)
Right Parstriangularis 2.697 (0.1223) 2.703 (0.1381)
Right Pericalcarine 2.020 (0.1122) 1.982 (0.1258)
Right Postcentral 2.248 (0.09787) 2.204 (0.10093)
Right Posterior Cingulate 2.532 (0.1564) 2.511 (0.1506)
Right Precentral 2.739 (0.1122) 2.739 (0.1121)
Right Precuneus 2.566 (0.1096) 2.543 (0.1150)
Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate 2.996 (0.1853) 3.056 (0.1737)
Right Rostral Middle Frontal 2.588 (0.1126) 2.600 (0.1323)
Right Superior Frontal 2.869 (0.1276) 2.897 (0.1461)
Right Superior Parietal 2.333 (0.1023) 2.316 (0.1015)
Right Superior Temporal 2.958 (0.1265) 2.942 (0.1237)
Right Supramarginal 2.715 (0.1152) 2.668 (0.1017)
Right Frontal Pole 2.854 (0.2021) 2.901 (0.2236)
Right Temporal Pole 3.671 (0.2895) 3.588 (0.2633)
Right Transverse Temporal 2.765 (0.1709) 2.653 (0.1645)
Right Insula 3.025 (0.1455) 2.969 (0.1447)

1 Mean (SD)

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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"

Left Banks of superior temporal sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0771  0.077134
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0585  0.058521
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0324  0.032364
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0001  0.000136
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1674  0.023912
## Residuals                                               379   7.3470  0.019385
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  0.01260 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      2999  0.03234 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          1001  0.09091 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.92157  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.25700  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0919  0.091880
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1286  0.128632
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0267  0.026744
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0000  0.000009
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1206  0.017222
## Residuals                                               379  10.5912  0.027945
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51  0.96078  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      2472  0.03924 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           495  0.16970  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1803  0.73267  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0532   0.05319
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3411   0.34106
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0010   0.00096
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0077   0.00768
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0273   0.00390
## Residuals                                               379   5.7049   0.01505
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  776   0.1147    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       254   0.2835    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     315   0.9524    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Cuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2048  0.204775
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0145  0.014472
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0022  0.002223
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0000  0.000006
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0831  0.011872
## Residuals                                               379   5.3650  0.014156
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       244   0.2910    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            99   0.5051    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    4615   0.6115    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Entorhinal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0750  0.075032
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0388  0.038814
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0019  0.001871
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.1304  0.130446
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.6586  0.094091
## Residuals                                               379  22.1424  0.058423
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  925  0.09838 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       522  0.16092  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  1.00000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.76471  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.09220 .
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Fusiform Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0675  0.067480
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0492  0.049226
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0058  0.005846
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0169  0.016886
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0364  0.005196
## Residuals                                               379   5.2996  0.013983
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       212   0.3208    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           415   0.1952    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       338   0.2308    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     332   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Inferior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0639  0.063948
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1516  0.151601
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0079  0.007855
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0057  0.005688
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0405  0.005789
## Residuals                                               379   4.5021  0.011879
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0072 ** 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           450   0.1822    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.8235    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2417   0.9082    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Inferior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0243  0.024319
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0382  0.038163
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0202  0.020213
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0069  0.006904
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0749  0.010694
## Residuals                                               379   5.9605  0.015727
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   81  0.55556  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      3854  0.02543 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           163  0.38037  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.72549  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1007  0.76564  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0654  0.065405
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0095  0.009517
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0498  0.049764
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0191  0.019055
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.4289  0.061273
## Residuals                                               379  31.3911  0.082826
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  231   0.3030
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        51   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            80   0.5625
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       148   0.4054
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     919   0.6692
## Residuals

Left Lateral Occipital Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2734  0.273422
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0918  0.091756
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0039  0.003920
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0000  0.000019
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0535  0.007645
## Residuals                                               379   4.4757  0.011809
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.8824    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.8627    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2014   0.7602    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0205   0.02047
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3394   0.33942
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0071   0.00714
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0259   0.02592
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0310   0.00443
## Residuals                                               379   6.0349   0.01592
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  468  0.17735    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           233  0.30043    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ      1102  0.08348 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1102  0.94283    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Lingual Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1452  0.145231
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0158  0.015815
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0011  0.001142
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0052  0.005228
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0871  0.012450
## Residuals                                               379   4.5952  0.012124
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       116   0.4655    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            53   0.6604    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    3070   0.2502    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1671  0.167112
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0608  0.060818
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0560  0.056017
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0024  0.002368
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1634  0.023341
## Residuals                                               379   9.3393  0.024642
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 2994   0.0324 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      3798   0.0258 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.8039  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.9608  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2522   0.4481  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Middle Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0688  0.068803
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1050  0.105002
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0052  0.005246
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0265  0.026500
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0587  0.008383
## Residuals                                               379   6.5807  0.017363
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1248  0.07452 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  0.01760 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  1.00000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.98039  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     147  0.87755  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parahippocampal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0821  0.082096
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0686  0.068621
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.1446  0.144586
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0058  0.005810
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.4964  0.070907
## Residuals                                               379  25.9608  0.068498
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   53   0.6604
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       746   0.1193
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           508   0.1654
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     876   0.5765
## Residuals

Left Paracentral Sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0278  0.027754
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1685  0.168511
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0471  0.047065
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0025  0.002543
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0617  0.008810
## Residuals                                               379   6.7820  0.017894
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0028 **
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           391   0.2046   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.9020   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1065   0.8028   
## Residuals                                                               
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parsopercularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0188  0.018776
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3051  0.305078
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0348  0.034780
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0035  0.003534
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1215  0.017354
## Residuals                                               379   5.7739  0.015234
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  319   0.2414    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           270   0.2704    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2040   0.1279    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parsorbitalis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0026   0.00261
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.4854   0.48537
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.1426   0.14264
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0119   0.01195
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1323   0.01890
## Residuals                                               379   8.6360   0.02279
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          2491  0.03894 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       365  0.21644    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1877  0.33245    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parstriangularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0015   0.00155
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3366   0.33664
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0046   0.00455
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0192   0.01920
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0540   0.00772
## Residuals                                               379   6.1745   0.01629
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           268   0.2724    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       651   0.1336    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     309   0.9741    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Pericalcarine Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1147  0.114718
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0590  0.059024
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0364  0.036377
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0016  0.001615
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0842  0.012035
## Residuals                                               379   5.0842  0.013415
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  0.01800 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          4372  0.02242 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.96078    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2326  0.51032    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Postcentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1285  0.128484
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0739  0.073852
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0015  0.001502
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0018  0.001786
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0599  0.008555
## Residuals                                               379   3.7673  0.009940
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2033   0.7024    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Posterior Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0065  0.006454
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2896  0.289580
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0185  0.018531
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0475  0.047510
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0366  0.005228
## Residuals                                               379   6.0540  0.015974
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  309   0.2460    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           471   0.1762    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        53   0.6604    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     400   0.8800    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Precentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0001  0.000097
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0977  0.097736
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0020  0.001953
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0086  0.008611
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0451  0.006447
## Residuals                                               379   5.3037  0.013994
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0184 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.7843  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        56   0.6429  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1753   0.9395  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Precuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0161  0.016111
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1352  0.135160
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0055  0.005451
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0011  0.001080
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0761  0.010870
## Residuals                                               379   4.8669  0.012841
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1159  0.08024 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.68627    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    3242  0.55028    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1927  0.192697
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1825  0.182523
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0366  0.036562
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0125  0.012463
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0722  0.010314
## Residuals                                               379  14.4641  0.038164
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0138 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0130 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.7647  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       103   0.4951  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      92   1.0000  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0210  0.020977
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3138  0.313825
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0030  0.003024
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0011  0.001148
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0506  0.007232
## Residuals                                               379   5.3190  0.014034
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   83   0.5542    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    3467   0.7791    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0620   0.06199
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.4235   0.42355
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0513   0.05128
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0012   0.00124
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0162   0.00232
## Residuals                                               379   6.7212   0.01773
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  603   0.1426    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.6667    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.9804    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     197   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0125  0.012546
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0540  0.054034
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0052  0.005246
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0054  0.005430
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0272  0.003887
## Residuals                                               379   4.2101  0.011108
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  430   0.1907  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0176 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           155   0.3935  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       535   0.1589  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     930   0.8699  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0019  0.001925
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2855  0.285488
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0182  0.018187
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0044  0.004400
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0274  0.003913
## Residuals                                               379   6.5411  0.017259
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  154   0.3961    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           472   0.1758    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.8824    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     267   0.9663    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Supramarginal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0652  0.065182
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2055  0.205488
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0153  0.015265
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0185  0.018451
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0656  0.009367
## Residuals                                               379   4.8774  0.012869
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 3703  0.02647 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           338  0.23077    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     292  0.64726    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Frontal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0865   0.08645
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.8604   0.86043
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0899   0.08991
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0069   0.00689
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1966   0.02809
## Residuals                                               379  14.4880   0.03823
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  454   0.1806    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           592   0.1453    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        91   0.5275    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     537   0.8547    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Temporal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0047   0.00467
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1042   0.10420
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.9804   0.98037
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.1793   0.17934
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.7049   0.10071
## Residuals                                               379  23.7736   0.06273
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       347  0.22478    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ      1316  0.07067 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.11860    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Transverse Temporal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2204  0.220386
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0970  0.097008
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0964  0.096409
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0175  0.017505
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0621  0.008872
## Residuals                                               379  11.4592  0.030235
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  0.01780 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      4727  0.02073 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          1504  0.06250 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      94  0.98936  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Insula

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0390   0.03898
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2640   0.26401
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.3861   0.38606
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0069   0.00692
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1088   0.01554
## Residuals                                               379   7.0734   0.01866
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  997  0.09127 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       121  0.45455    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     678  0.58850    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Banks of superior temporal sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2187  0.218687
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0780  0.077981
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0393  0.039297
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0028  0.002777
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0473  0.006763
## Residuals                                               379   7.1336  0.018822
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      2195  0.04374 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           940  0.09681 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     613  0.89886    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0114  0.011430
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0275  0.027451
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0229  0.022893
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.2009  0.200861
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1385  0.019779
## Residuals                                               379  21.2059  0.055952
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51  0.94118  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        51  0.86275  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           102  0.50000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ      2244  0.04278 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     446  1.00000  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0666  0.066567
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2280  0.227953
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0037  0.003675
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0146  0.014619
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0296  0.004233
## Residuals                                               379   5.0404  0.013299
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0084 ** 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.9020    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       508   0.1654    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     214   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Cuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1722  0.172204
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0076  0.007604
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0040  0.004020
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0441  0.044145
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1448  0.020689
## Residuals                                               379   4.5700  0.012058
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       110   0.4818    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.7647    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.8431    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2763   0.0532 .  
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Entorhinal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.6441   0.64413
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0610   0.06097
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0003   0.00030
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0200   0.02000
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.4819   0.06885
## Residuals                                               379  21.7935   0.05750
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       387   0.2067    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.9804    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       182   0.3571    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     907   0.1742    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Fusiform Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0966  0.096587
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0542  0.054173
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0060  0.006024
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0092  0.009154
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1335  0.019071
## Residuals                                               379   4.5718  0.012063
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1997  0.04807 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      4519  0.02169 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           241  0.29461  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       563  0.15098  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.12880  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Inferior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0969  0.096927
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0495  0.049494
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0109  0.010905
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0042  0.004244
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0931  0.013298
## Residuals                                               379   3.7954  0.010014
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0154 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           340   0.2294    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       268   0.2724    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000   0.1950    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Inferior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0550  0.055004
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0374  0.037446
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0431  0.043097
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0107  0.010743
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0944  0.013482
## Residuals                                               379   5.4482  0.014375
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1719  0.05526 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      1372  0.06851 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           730  0.12055  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       189  0.34921  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1066  0.55816  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0307  0.030671
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0001  0.000059
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0576  0.057580
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0064  0.006360
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1971  0.028159
## Residuals                                               379  11.3353  0.029908
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1054  0.08729 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        51  0.98039  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          1424  0.06601 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       170  0.37059  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     799  0.46934  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lateral Occipital Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.3527   0.35269
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0436   0.04358
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0186   0.01857
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0003   0.00025
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0377   0.00539
## Residuals                                               379   4.1235   0.01088
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      4008  0.02445 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           465  0.17849    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  0.90196    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1216  0.83717    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex,

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0353  0.035265
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2653  0.265280
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0264  0.026428
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0101  0.010059
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0558  0.007977
## Residuals                                               379   6.0747  0.016028
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 1448  0.06492 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           599  0.14357    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1939  0.80866    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lingual Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2335  0.233519
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0296  0.029581
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0004  0.000377
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0014  0.001370
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1791  0.025585
## Residuals                                               379   4.4639  0.011778
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      3305  0.02965 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.01640 *  
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0703  0.070306
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1717  0.171703
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0215  0.021509
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0021  0.002114
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0209  0.002983
## Residuals                                               379   7.4599  0.019683
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0186 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           277   0.2671    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        78   0.5641    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     282   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Middle Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1393  0.139348
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1463  0.146268
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0992  0.099154
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0304  0.030372
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0843  0.012039
## Residuals                                               379   5.0614  0.013355
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000   0.0060 ** 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       254   0.2835    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2205   0.4921    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parahippocampal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1754  0.175443
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0458  0.045755
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0376  0.037632
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0005  0.000455
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.2326  0.033230
## Residuals                                               379  18.8853  0.049829
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0174 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       215   0.3209  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           166   0.3795  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     889   0.8931  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Paracentral Sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0066  0.006613
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1675  0.167544
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0031  0.003079
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0032  0.003181
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1071  0.015303
## Residuals                                               379   6.1547  0.016239
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  179   0.3631    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.7647    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    3218   0.4117    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parsopercularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0295  0.029523
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2613  0.261297
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0055  0.005525
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0138  0.013811
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1131  0.016157
## Residuals                                               379   4.7211  0.012457
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  531   0.1601    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           119   0.4622    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       235   0.3021    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1889   0.2245    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parsorbitalis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0000  0.000002
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3045  0.304488
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0081  0.008143
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0084  0.008428
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0690  0.009854
## Residuals                                               379   8.2079  0.021657
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           102   0.5000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       205   0.3317    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     148   0.9932    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parstriangularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0004  0.000402
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1799  0.179918
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0206  0.020610
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0069  0.006928
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0609  0.008706
## Residuals                                               379   5.6453  0.014895
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.7843    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       111   0.4775    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    2473   0.6583    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Pericalcarine Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0522  0.052183
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0367  0.036684
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0039  0.003897
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0011  0.001064
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0832  0.011882
## Residuals                                               379   4.9256  0.012996
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 2462   0.0394 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       776   0.1147  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           158   0.3924  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        71   0.5915  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     598   0.5401  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Postcentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0811  0.081111
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0639  0.063872
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0002  0.000168
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0009  0.000899
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0275  0.003922
## Residuals                                               379   3.6516  0.009635
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0188 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1048   0.8712    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Posterior Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0270  0.026997
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1166  0.116644
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0663  0.066279
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0195  0.019502
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1900  0.027142
## Residuals                                               379   8.8492  0.023349
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  297  0.25253  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      4149  0.02362 *
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           928  0.09806 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       141  0.41844  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1352  0.66124  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Precentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0005  0.000474
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1553  0.155321
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0128  0.012787
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0010  0.000975
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0507  0.007238
## Residuals                                               379   4.6093  0.012162
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          1076   0.0855 .  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        68   0.6029    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     546   0.8901    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Precuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0276  0.027587
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0917  0.091748
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0001  0.000107
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0001  0.000071
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1542  0.022027
## Residuals                                               379   4.4585  0.011764
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 2677  0.03623 * 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  0.00120 **
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  0.94118   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51  1.00000   
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000  0.10480   
## Residuals                                                               
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1869  0.186865
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1482  0.148185
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.1774  0.177404
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0031  0.003101
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1354  0.019339
## Residuals                                               379  12.4945  0.032967
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   0.0006 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0044 ** 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1529   0.7103    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0157  0.015657
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2989  0.298947
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0223  0.022286
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0006  0.000571
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0398  0.005688
## Residuals                                               379   4.7093  0.012426
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  349   0.2235    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           142   0.4155    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     480   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0280   0.02795
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.3225   0.32252
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0157   0.01571
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0019   0.00192
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0282   0.00403
## Residuals                                               379   6.1954   0.01635
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   99   0.5051    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           450   0.1822    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   0.8039    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     869   0.9655    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0221  0.022136
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.0490  0.048959
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0003  0.000314
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0034  0.003419
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0464  0.006628
## Residuals                                               379   3.9411  0.010399
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  953  0.09549 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      1279  0.07271 .
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51  1.00000  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       167  0.37725  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    1073  0.51817  
## Residuals                                                              
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0001  0.000116
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2539  0.253869
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.1893  0.189319
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0001  0.000078
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0492  0.007024
## Residuals                                               379   5.5085  0.014534
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51        1    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51        1    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     304        1    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Supramarginal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.1451  0.145050
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1320  0.131997
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0000  0.000008
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0049  0.004853
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0672  0.009605
## Residuals                                               379   4.6821  0.012354
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   0.0054 ** 
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       324   0.2377    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income    5000   0.5462    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Frontal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0960   0.09604
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.8753   0.87533
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.1142   0.11421
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0012   0.00118
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1721   0.02459
## Residuals                                               379  15.1858   0.04007
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  805   0.1106    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           729   0.1207    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     545   0.6477    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Temporal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.2362   0.23623
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1780   0.17795
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0332   0.03320
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.3549   0.35487
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.2607   0.03724
## Residuals                                               379  30.9791   0.08174
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity  813   0.1107
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       683   0.1288
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender           318   0.2421
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        51   1.0000
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     833   0.8884
## Residuals

Right Transverse Temporal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.5010   0.50098
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.1708   0.17075
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.0001   0.00007
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0321   0.03206
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.1423   0.02033
## Residuals                                               379  10.8599   0.02865
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity 5000   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs       331   0.2326    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            51   0.9608    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ       131   0.4351    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      51   1.0000    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Insula

## Component 1 :
##                                                          Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   1   0.0627   0.06265
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs        1   0.2750   0.27500
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender            1   0.3226   0.32261
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ        1   0.0650   0.06500
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income      7   0.0839   0.01199
## Residuals                                               379   7.1598   0.01889
##                                                         Iter Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity   51  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Age_in_Yrs      5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$Gender          5000  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Educ      3761  0.02606 *  
## permutational_ancova_cortical_thickness$SSAGA_Income     448  0.71875    
## Residuals                                                                
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

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Brain cortical regions permutation p-values Holm
L_Bankssts_Thck 0.0126000 0.6174
L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.9607843 1.0000
L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.1146907 1.0000
L_Cuneus_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Entorhinal_Thck 0.0983784 1.0000
L_Fusiform_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Inferiorparietal_Thck 0.0072000 0.3672
L_Inferiortemporal_Thck 0.5555556 1.0000
L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck 0.3030303 1.0000
L_Lateraloccipital_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck 0.1773504 1.0000
L_Lingual_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck 0.0323981 1.0000
L_Middletemporal_Thck 0.0745192 1.0000
L_Parahippocampal_Thck 0.6603774 1.0000
L_Paracentral_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Parsopercularis_Thck 0.2413793 1.0000
L_Parsorbitalis_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Parstriangularis_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Pericalcarine_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Postcentral_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck 0.2459547 1.0000
L_Precentral_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Precuneus_Thck 0.0802416 1.0000
L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.0138000 0.6624
L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.5542169 1.0000
L_Superiorfrontal_Thck 0.1426202 1.0000
L_Superiorparietal_Thck 0.1906977 1.0000
L_Superiortemporal_Thck 0.3961039 1.0000
L_Supramarginal_Thck 0.0264650 1.0000
L_Frontalpole_Thck 0.1806167 1.0000
L_Temporalpole_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
L_Transversetemporal_Thck 0.0178000 0.8188
L_Insula_Thck 0.0912738 1.0000
R_Bankssts_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.9411765 1.0000
R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.0084000 0.4200
R_Cuneus_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Entorhinal_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Fusiform_Thck 0.0480721 1.0000
R_Inferiorparietal_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Inferiortemporal_Thck 0.0552647 1.0000
R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck 0.0872865 1.0000
R_Lateraloccipital_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck 0.0649171 1.0000
R_Lingual_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck 0.0186000 0.8370
R_Middletemporal_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Parahippocampal_Thck 0.0174000 0.8178
R_Paracentral_Thck 0.3631285 1.0000
R_Parsopercularis_Thck 0.1600753 1.0000
R_Parsorbitalis_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
R_Parstriangularis_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
R_Pericalcarine_Thck 0.0393989 1.0000
R_Postcentral_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck 0.2525253 1.0000
R_Precentral_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
R_Precuneus_Thck 0.0362346 1.0000
R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.0006000 0.0312
R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.2234957 1.0000
R_Superiorfrontal_Thck 0.5050505 1.0000
R_Superiorparietal_Thck 0.0954879 1.0000
R_Superiortemporal_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
R_Supramarginal_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Frontalpole_Thck 0.1105590 1.0000
R_Temporalpole_Thck 0.1107011 1.0000
R_Transversetemporal_Thck 0.0000000 0.0000
R_Insula_Thck 1.0000000 1.0000
##                 cortical_thickness permutation_pvalue   Holm
## 1                    L_Cuneus_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 2                  L_Fusiform_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 3          L_Lateraloccipital_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 4                   L_Lingual_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 5             L_Pericalcarine_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 6               L_Postcentral_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 7                  R_Bankssts_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 8                    R_Cuneus_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 9                R_Entorhinal_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 10         R_Inferiorparietal_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 11         R_Lateraloccipital_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 12                  R_Lingual_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 13           R_Middletemporal_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 14              R_Postcentral_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 15 R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck              6e-04 0.0312
## 16            R_Supramarginal_Thck              0e+00 0.0000
## 17       R_Transversetemporal_Thck              0e+00 0.0000

Graphs of brain cortical thickness with statistical significance after multiple comparisons analysis

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3. Brain surface brain area ANCOVA permutational analysis

Permutational analysis adjusted for Age, Gender, Education (years) & Economic income

Brain Cortical Surface Area descriptives

permutational_ancova_surface_area %>% na.omit() %>% select(c(2,6:73)) %>% 
   dplyr::rename(
    "Left Banks STS" = L_Bankssts_Area,
    "Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate" = L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Caudal Middle Frontal" = L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Left Cuneus" = L_Cuneus_Area,
    "Left Entorhinal" = L_Entorhinal_Area,
    "Left Fusiform" = L_Fusiform_Area, 
    "Left Inferior Parietal" = L_Inferiorparietal_Area,
    "Left Inferior Temporal" = L_Inferiortemporal_Area,
    "Left Isthmuscingulate" = L_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    "Left Lateral Occipital" = L_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    "Left Lateral Orbitofrontal" = L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Left Lingual"  = L_Lingual_Area,
    "Left Medialorbitofrontal" = L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Left Middletemporal" = L_Middletemporal_Area,
    "Left Parahippocampal" = L_Parahippocampal_Area,
    "Left Paracentral" = L_Paracentral_Area,
    "Left Parsopercularis" = L_Parsopercularis_Area,
    "Left Parsorbitalis" = L_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    "Left Parstriangularis" = L_Parstriangularis_Area,
    "Left Pericalcarine" = L_Pericalcarine_Area,
    "Left Postcentral" = L_Postcentral_Area,
    "Left Posterior Cingulate" = L_Posteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Precentral" = L_Precentral_Area,
    "Left Precuneus" = L_Precuneus_Area,
    "Left Rostral anterior cingulate" = L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Rostral middle frontal" = L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Left Superior Frontal" = L_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    "Left Superior Parietal" = L_Superiorparietal_Area,
    "Left Superior Temporal" = L_Superiortemporal_Area,
    "Left Supramarginal" = L_Supramarginal_Area,
    "Left Frontal Pole" = L_Frontalpole_Area,
    "Left Temporal Pole" = L_Temporalpole_Area,
    "Left Transverse Temporal" = L_Transversetemporal_Area,
    "Left Insula" = L_Insula_Area,
    "Right Banks STS" = R_Bankssts_Area,
    "Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate"= R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Caudal Middle Frontal" = R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Right Cuneus" = R_Cuneus_Area,
    "Right Entorhinal" = R_Entorhinal_Area,
    "Right Fusiform" = R_Fusiform_Area,
    "Right Inferior Parietal" =R_Inferiorparietal_Area,
    "Right Inferior Temporal" = R_Inferiortemporal_Area,
    "Right Isthmuscingulate" = R_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    "Right Lateral Occipital" = R_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    "Right Lateral Orbitofrontal" = R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Right Lingual" = R_Lingual_Area,
    "Right Medial Orbitofrontal" = R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Right Middle Temporal"= R_Middletemporal_Area,
    "Right Parahippocampal" = R_Parahippocampal_Area,
    "Right Paracentral" = R_Paracentral_Area,
    "Right Parsopercularis"= R_Parsopercularis_Area,
    "Right Parsorbitalis" = R_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    "Right Parstriangularis" = R_Parstriangularis_Area,
    "Right Pericalcarine" = R_Pericalcarine_Area,
    "Right Postcentral" = R_Postcentral_Area,
    "Right Posterior Cingulate" = R_Posteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Precentral" = R_Precentral_Area,
    "Right Precuneus" = R_Precuneus_Area,
    "Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate" = R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Rostral Middle Frontal" = R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Right Superior Frontal" = R_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    "Right Superior Parietal" = R_Superiorparietal_Area,
    "Right Superior Temporal" = R_Superiortemporal_Area,
    "Right Supramarginal" = R_Supramarginal_Area,
    "Right Frontal Pole" = R_Frontalpole_Area,
    "Right Temporal Pole" = R_Temporalpole_Area,                  
    "Right Transverse Temporal" = R_Transversetemporal_Area,
    "Right Insula" = R_Insula_Area ) %>% tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 6)) %>%
    modify_header(label ~ "**Brain Regions**") %>% as_gt()
Brain Regions White, N = 3351 Black or African Am., N = 561
Left Banks STS 1090.33 (187.857) 1053.95 (181.688)
Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate 704.609 (142.164) 691.214 (171.189)
Left Caudal Middle Frontal 2449.64 (419.162) 2227.34 (411.954)
Left Cuneus 1506.87 (219.553) 1379.70 (213.901)
Left Entorhinal 442.269 (89.4814) 392.036 (79.9331)
Left Fusiform 3462.79 (460.202) 3241.14 (494.378)
Left Inferior Parietal 4784.13 (697.784) 4555.73 (697.133)
Left Inferior Temporal 3535.21 (514.899) 3151.93 (459.970)
Left Isthmuscingulate 1146.46 (367.334) 1039.59 (396.803)
Left Lateral Occipital 4869.55 (621.979) 4432.77 (606.078)
Left Lateral Orbitofrontal 2733.41 (318.287) 2511.55 (288.722)
Left Lingual 3190.75 (415.092) 2863.04 (396.938)
Left Medialorbitofrontal 2040.33 (310.594) 1927.62 (329.580)
Left Middletemporal 3255.31 (459.286) 2960.05 (441.082)
Left Parahippocampal 752.893 (128.354) 718.964 (117.083)
Left Paracentral 1341.30 (200.675) 1313.38 (164.918)
Left Parsopercularis 1777.46 (293.377) 1589.21 (246.493)
Left Parsorbitalis 660.054 (84.4324) 613.179 (78.1756)
Left Parstriangularis 1338.01 (216.540) 1273.68 (212.375)
Left Pericalcarine 1511.64 (248.123) 1385.70 (264.149)
Left Postcentral 4240.89 (514.257) 3998.84 (517.208)
Left Posterior Cingulate 1241.95 (193.186) 1201.57 (152.927)
Left Precentral 4928.76 (618.145) 4599.20 (549.386)
Left Precuneus 3951.11 (511.976) 3610.70 (519.087)
Left Rostral anterior cingulate 903.773 (171.607) 830.250 (159.754)
Left Rostral middle frontal 6178.43 (844.455) 5810.46 (796.104)
Left Superior Frontal 7610.22 (962.951) 6931.23 (868.670)
Left Superior Parietal 5680.33 (731.003) 5080.77 (565.338)
Left Superior Temporal 3946.04 (491.293) 3760.05 (455.162)
Left Supramarginal 4050.87 (631.802) 3767.02 (554.727)
Left Frontal Pole 208.149 (33.7204) 195.089 (33.9761)
Left Temporal Pole 508.263 (61.7090) 477.411 (60.3501)
Left Transverse Temporal 464.734 (82.6921) 445.768 (76.5589)
Left Insula 2335.29 (290.999) 2184.98 (256.330)
Right Banks STS 1009.158 (158.446) 951.625 (144.698)
Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate 852.931 (224.018) 790.232 (214.645)
Right Caudal Middle Frontal 2289.21 (412.912) 2031.68 (430.703)
Right Cuneus 1544.09 (240.150) 1404.12 (203.642)
Right Entorhinal 371.988 (85.5521) 340.768 (67.1617)
Right Fusiform 3385.21 (485.103) 3091.07 (409.400)
Right Inferior Parietal 5770.69 (837.977) 5466.62 (756.464)
Right Inferior Temporal 3392.64 (493.629) 3074.48 (461.852)
Right Isthmuscingulate 1004.970 (185.272) 947.804 (158.111)
Right Lateral Occipital 4734.67 (607.326) 4281.59 (629.353)
Right Lateral Orbitofrontal 2657.8 (320.907) 2486.0 (289.365)
Right Lingual 3199.50 (422.641) 2956.55 (423.849)
Right Medial Orbitofrontal 1900.18 (240.230) 1773.02 (219.818)
Right Middle Temporal 3617.42 (485.336) 3306.09 (413.054)
Right Parahippocampal 720.934 (114.3897) 685.071 ( 90.1848)
Right Paracentral 1532.75 (226.837) 1520.82 (249.460)
Right Parsopercularis 1498.99 (265.773) 1292.12 (226.984)
Right Parsorbitalis 822.463 (106.355) 745.054 ( 95.406)
Right Parstriangularis 1542.83 (258.475) 1520.66 (239.653)
Right Pericalcarine 1641.83 (254.456) 1550.45 (263.249)
Right Postcentral 4045.89 (484.084) 3881.04 (535.196)
Right Posterior Cingulate 1301.06 (235.390) 1187.12 (169.303)
Right Precentral 5014.66 (590.347) 4691.07 (549.048)
Right Precuneus 4201.71 (609.588) 3770.21 (527.036)
Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate 698.143 (142.306) 630.768 (148.744)
Right Rostral Middle Frontal 6414.55 (883.613) 6039.79 (836.828)
Right Superior Frontal 7445.82 (928.692) 6849.00 (828.756)
Right Superior Parietal 5704.45 (699.319) 5100.62 (558.739)
Right Superior Temporal 3738.62 (442.197) 3600.50 (413.430)
Right Supramarginal 3837.79 (572.235) 3617.39 (589.364)
Right Frontal Pole 286.684 (46.4144) 255.232 (41.2782)
Right Temporal Pole 437.331 (57.5140) 436.429 (69.3919)
Right Transverse Temporal 344.227 (60.3191) 332.071 (58.5454)
Right Insula 2482.65 (296.405) 2321.86 (310.777)

1 Mean (SD)

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Left Banks of superior temporal sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     2242      2242   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    95518     95518 3838
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1782237   1782237 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   273135    273135 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   117178     16740  165
## Residuals                                         379 10811587     28527     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.68627    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.02553 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     1.00000    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    13392     13392  414
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    13195     13195  107
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   446459    446459 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    45045     45045 1651
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   134055     19151 4503
## Residuals                                         379  7576295     19990     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.19565    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.48598    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.05754 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.54031    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   844556    844556 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   240043    240043  127
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  7439761   7439761 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   310740    310740 1429
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   391018     55860  327
## Residuals                                         379 57712242    152275     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.00600 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.44094    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.06578 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.97554    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Cuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   279408    279408 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    53768     53768  747
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2771717   2771717 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    20528     20528   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   378957     54137 3949
## Residuals                                         379 14883468     39270     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0186 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.1191    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.1142    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Entorhinal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    58967     58967 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1      749       749   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   459187    459187 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    24829     24829 3392
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    18535      2648  772
## Residuals                                         379  2437559      6432     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.68627    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.02889 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.71762    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Fusiform Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   353020    353020 2326
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   883886    883886 3290
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 16873487  16873487 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    99328     99328  176
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  2762279    394611 5000
## Residuals                                         379 59047967    155799     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.04127 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.02979 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.36364    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00040 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Inferior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    132018    132018   72
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   1130788   1130788   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  37637435  37637435 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   1452535   1452535 4804
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   2851689    407384 4066
## Residuals                                         379 136607021    360441     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.5833    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.8627    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.0204 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.3507    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Inferior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  2869915   2869915 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1  2581812   2581812 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 14493911  14493911 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   229584    229584  103
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  4176660    596666 5000
## Residuals                                         379 73019044    192662     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.4951    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0014 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    79941     79941  191
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   171441    171441  388
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  3014171   3014171 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    24591     24591   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   652116     93159 1018
## Residuals                                         379 49085489    129513     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.3455    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.2062    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.9608    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.7603    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Lateral Occipital Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   4366717   4366717 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     59190     59190   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  31093303  31093303 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     32433     32433   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   1498133    214019  466
## Residuals                                         379 112454249    296713     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.9804    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.6867    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   703296    703296 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   291754    291754 1707
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  6111857   6111857 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    70988     70988   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1304898    186414 5000
## Residuals                                         379 29070138     76702     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.05565 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00080 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Lingual Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  2569762   2569762 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     6076      6076   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  7733138   7733138 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   102210    102210  457
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   789156    112737 2820
## Residuals                                         379 56691995    149583     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.1816    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.6411    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    67876     67876  371
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    13597     13597   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  6024404   6024404 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     7136      7136   61
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1074867    153552 5000
## Residuals                                         379 30037726     79255     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.2129    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.8039    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.6230    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.1058    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Middle Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1452636   1452636 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1  1203309   1203309 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 13361540  13361540 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   435785    435785  504
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1357956    193994 1588
## Residuals                                         379 60684948    160119     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0028 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.1667    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.3426    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parahippocampal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1      652       652   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    25423     25423  142
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   446951    446951 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    16379     16379  160
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   156782     22397 5000
## Residuals                                         379  5477091     14451     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.8039    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.4155    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.3875    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.2212    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Paracentral Sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    12605     12605  304
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    21075     21075  701
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1453063   1453063 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    19368     19368   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   519915     74274 2429
## Residuals                                         379 12557881     33134     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.2500    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.1255    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.1783    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parsopercularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   774206    774206 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   191474    191474 1024
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2931796   2931796 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     7803      7803   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1400954    200136 5000
## Residuals                                         379 26626942     70256     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.08984 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.90196    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00080 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parsorbitalis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    26448     26448 1263
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    58854     58854 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   325247    325247 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     2992      2992  176
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    66942      9563 5000
## Residuals                                         379  2143787      5656     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.07363 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.36364    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.08320 .  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Parstriangularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    10705     10705  160
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   151408    151408 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1660163   1660163 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     3069      3069   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   524521     74932 1017
## Residuals                                         379 15323459     40431     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.3875    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.2055    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Pericalcarine Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   348897    348897 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   139102    139102   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2692566   2692566 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    23341     23341   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   166405     23772  117
## Residuals                                         379 21366792     56377     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0186 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.7255    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.7059    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      1.0000    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Postcentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   379736    379736  339
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   434493    434493 1644
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 20793576  20793576 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    60061     60061   75
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  3581149    511593 5000
## Residuals                                         379 73653065    194335     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.23009    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.05779 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.57333    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.02780 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Posterior Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     2390      2390   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    49963     49963  969
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1805445   1805445 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   148671    148671 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   262705     37529 1171
## Residuals                                         379 10996971     29016     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.09391 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.00500 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.30999    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Precentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   1391310   1391310 1001
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    358742    358742  185
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  26350496  26350496 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    717867    717867  625
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   2020159    288594 2045
## Residuals                                         379 109512602    288951     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.09091 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.35135    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.13920    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.23276    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Precuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1716490   1716490 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1  1140357   1140357 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 18213228  18213228 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   132779    132779   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  4655660    665094 5000
## Residuals                                         379 72664130    191726     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0056 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.0092 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.7843    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      <2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    31124     31124  809
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    48150     48150   63
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1326114   1326114 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   159976    159976 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   353514     50502 3789
## Residuals                                         379  8885308     23444     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.11001    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.61905    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.02586 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    864595    864595   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    922336    922336 1007
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  57854101  57854101 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    107564    107564   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   6786337    969477 4843
## Residuals                                         379 194925829    514316     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.09037 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.88235    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.09787 .  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   7349511   7349511 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   5178973   5178973 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  67685140  67685140 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    819300    819300 1507
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  10392327   1484618 5000
## Residuals                                         379 245970432    648999     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.00060 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.06238 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00720 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   6302632   6302632 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   1663507   1663507 1075
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  21280292  21280292 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   1412758   1412758   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   9991536   1427362 5000
## Residuals                                         379 153599226    405275     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.08558 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     < 2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Superior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    29330     29330  124
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   266706    266706  587
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 20837970  20837970 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   585904    585904 2164
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  2731984    390283 5000
## Residuals                                         379 63307532    167038     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.45161    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.14651    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.04436 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00300 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Supramarginal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   346376    346376  942
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   468119    468119  759
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 35304747  35304747 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1  1588573   1588573 1550
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  5921872    845982 5000
## Residuals                                         379 97912502    258344     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.09660 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.11726    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.06065 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00600 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Frontal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     2227      2227 2690
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1      299       299   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1    55005     55005 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     1229      1229  256
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    18539      2648 5000
## Residuals                                         379   355229       937     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.03606 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.28125    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     < 2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Temporal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    15398     15398 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     1370      1370  102
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   183761    183761 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    14655     14655 2203
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    16227      2318 2438
## Residuals                                         379  1216690      3210     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.00820 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.50000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.04358 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.59311    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Transverse Temporal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1      359       359  143
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     7655      7655  327
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   259893    259893 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1      598       598   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    65051      9293 5000
## Residuals                                         379  2224412      5869     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.4126    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.2355    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.8431    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0924 .  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Left Insula

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   226417    226417 2462
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    24844     24844   55
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  5081137   5081137 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   544461    544461 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   984282    140612 5000
## Residuals                                         379 24140907     63696     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0394 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.6545    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.0004 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0270 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Banks of superior temporal sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    43679     43679   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    80680     80680  664
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   890463    890463 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    62157     62157 1117
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   115303     16472  472
## Residuals                                         379  8081888     21324     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.94118    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.13102    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.08236 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.64619    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    43447     43447  212
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    50496     50496   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   446534    446534 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    93637     93637  471
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   171631     24519  728
## Residuals                                         379 18360360     48444     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.3208    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.1762    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.7830    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1313656   1313656 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   523503    523503 2821
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  5525505   5525505 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    94101     94101  175
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1246804    178115 5000
## Residuals                                         379 57955570    152917     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.03438 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.36571    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.39480    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Cuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   468061    468061 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     5034      5034   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2174834   2174834 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     4284      4284   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   415800     59400 1200
## Residuals                                         379 18586851     49042     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0094 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.7059    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.3708    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Entorhinal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    13164     13164   81
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     1100      1100   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   292136    292136 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     9007      9007   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    11892      1699  261
## Residuals                                         379  2325101      6135     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.5556    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.9310    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Fusiform Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   979123    979123 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   877436    877436 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 18142270  18142270 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   225895    225895   53
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  2969145    424164 5000
## Residuals                                         379 60986602    160915     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0004 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.0092 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.6604    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0020 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Inferior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    266772    266772   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   3864761   3864761 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  57566641  57566641 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   1438730   1438730 3947
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   4705851    672264  746
## Residuals                                         379 180712650    476814     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.00880 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.02483 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.41421    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Inferior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1701978   1701978 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   750210    750210  973
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 15288279  15288279 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   258990    258990  804
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1801843    257406 5000
## Residuals                                         379 70797780    186802     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.00400 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.09353 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.11070    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.14220    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     7557      7557   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   138031    138031 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1590411   1590411 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    51945     51945   75
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   279417     39917 5000
## Residuals                                         379 10285619     27139     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.0134 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.5733    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.1378    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lateral Occipital Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   3922367   3922367 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    422872    422872  964
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  25733827  25733827 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    456609    456609  325
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   2233871    319124 2205
## Residuals                                         379 110725030    292150     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.0944 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.2369    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.3410    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex,

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   311889    311889 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   237847    237847  951
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  6762879   6762879 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   322561    322561 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   712421    101774 5000
## Residuals                                         379 29025714     76585     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.01080 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.09569 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.01620 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.15760    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Lingual Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   919325    919325 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    72401     72401   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 10887252  10887252 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   306222    306222 1426
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   826265    118038  991
## Residuals                                         379 55113860    145419     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.00400 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.96078    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.06592 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.43491    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   180122    180122 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   140857    140857  523
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  3545691   3545691 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   214242    214242 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   673385     96198 5000
## Residuals                                         379 16190131     42718     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0150 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.1606    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.0052 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0366 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Middle Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1727105   1727105 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   923250    923250  609
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 14120111  14120111 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   752151    752151 4650
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1474743    210678 5000
## Residuals                                         379 66189178    174642     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.00100 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.14122    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.02108 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.29240    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parahippocampal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     2722      2722  219
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    10222     10222   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   448763    448763 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    56325     56325 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    97303     13900 2008
## Residuals                                         379  4060210     10713     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.3151    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.0130 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.2570    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Paracentral Sulcus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    28543     28543   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1      714       714   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2382208   2382208 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    38111     38111  221
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   263315     37616 1152
## Residuals                                         379 17526388     46244     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.7451    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.3122    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.3533    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parsopercularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1301307   1301307 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   106147    106147   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2079331   2079331 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    24667     24667   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   133011     19002  233
## Residuals                                         379 23425719     61809     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.7647    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.7059    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.9871    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parsorbitalis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    90705     90705 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    50478     50478 1388
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   460573    460573 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    28157     28157 1040
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   175265     25038 5000
## Residuals                                         379  3381766      8923     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.06772 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.08846 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00020 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Parstriangularis

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    20173     20173   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   102194    102194 1742
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1964475   1964475 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    27202     27202  250
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1039281    148469 5000
## Residuals                                         379 21739353     57360     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.94118    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.05454 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.28800    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.01100 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Pericalcarine Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   142518    142518  699
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    81953     81953  475
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  2562863   2562863 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    90340     90340  173
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    67037      9577  156
## Residuals                                         379 22577272     59571     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.1259    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.1747    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.3699    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      1.0000    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Postcentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    52923     52923  130
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   425063    425063 1312
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 19036211  19036211 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    18716     18716   56
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  3045191    435027 5000
## Residuals                                         379 67701783    178633     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.43846    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.07088 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.64286    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.01360 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Posterior Cingulate Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   168394    168394 3828
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   265822    265822 1864
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  1379804   1379804 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   168864    168864 1047
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   454323     64903 5000
## Residuals                                         379 17241324     45492     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.02560 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.05097 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.08787 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.14140    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Precentral Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  1116311   1116311  766
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   277228    277228  470
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 31118784  31118784 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   379113    379113 1164
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  2474136    353448 1336
## Residuals                                         379 92576045    244264     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.11619    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.17660    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.07990 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.07036 .  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Precuneus Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1  2710670   2710670 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   743134    743134  468
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 30489995  30489995 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   294888    294888  832
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  4516766    645252 5000
## Residuals                                         379 95850603    252904     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.1774    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.1082    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0088 ** 
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    60154     60154 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1      203       203   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   964665    964665 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1      187       187   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   308741     44106 5000
## Residuals                                         379  6589699     17387     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   0.0134 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1.0000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.0272 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    694697    694697  843
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   2161476   2161476 1236
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  52096574  52096574 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    966680    966680   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   8433234   1204748 5000
## Residuals                                         379 221020485    583168     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.10676    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.07524 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.04900 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Frontal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   4132493   4132493 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   2626441   2626441 4221
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  74314883  74314883 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   1225173   1225173   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   9646981   1378140 5000
## Residuals                                         379 218996209    577826     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.02322 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.00020 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Parietal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df  R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   6535061   6535061 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1   1010784   1010784 2943
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  25639489  25639489 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   1655134   1655134 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7   7962748   1137535 5000
## Residuals                                         379 135933417    358663     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.03296 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.00920 ** 
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     < 2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Superior Temporal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1      139       139   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1  1137910   1137910 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 13548657  13548657 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   213752    213752 2459
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  3474320    496331 5000
## Residuals                                         379 52476449    138460     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.01680 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.03945 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     < 2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Supramarginal Gyrus

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   190134    190134  239
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    66392     66392   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1 23210464  23210464 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1   663012    663012 4733
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  4097289    585327 5000
## Residuals                                         379 96008872    253322     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.29707    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.02071 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.01620 *  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Frontal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1    22534     22534 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    10479     10479 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1    72485     72485 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     3525      3525  238
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    11780      1683 1332
## Residuals                                         379   684863      1807     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        0.0106 *  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            <2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        0.2983    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      0.4242    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Temporal Pole

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1     5759      5759  995
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1     4606      4606  262
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1    87871     87871 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     7195      7195 1024
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    27430      3919  613
## Residuals                                         379  1220609      3221     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.09146 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.27863    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.08984 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.46982    
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Transverse Temporal Cortex

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1      191       191   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1      899       899   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1   148356    148356 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1     3773      3773  376
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7    41121      5874 2614
## Residuals                                         379  1177928      3108     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.72549    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       0.72549    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.21011    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     0.05662 .  
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Right Insula

## Component 1 :
##                                                    Df R Sum Sq R Mean Sq Iter
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity   1   195775    195775 1139
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs        1    13738     13738   51
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender            1  8793769   8793769 5000
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ        1    91756     91756  594
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income      7  1274091    182013 5000
## Residuals                                         379 23315423     61518     
##                                                   Pr(Prob)    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Racial_identity  0.08077 .  
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Age_in_Yrs       1.00000    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$Gender           < 2e-16 ***
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Educ       0.14478    
## permutational_ancova_surface_area$SSAGA_Income     < 2e-16 ***
## Residuals                                                     
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
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## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
## [1] "Settings:  unique SS : numeric variables centered"
Brain surface regions permutation p-values Holm
L_Bankssts_Area 0.6862745 1.0000000
L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area 0.1956522 1.0000000
L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area 0.0060000 0.2760000
L_Cuneus_Area 0.0186000 0.7440000
L_Entorhinal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Fusiform_Area 0.0412726 1.0000000
L_Inferiorparietal_Area 0.5833333 1.0000000
L_Inferiortemporal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Isthmuscingulate_Area 0.3455497 1.0000000
L_Lateraloccipital_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Lingual_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area 0.2129380 1.0000000
L_Middletemporal_Area 0.0028000 0.1400000
L_Parahippocampal_Area 0.8039216 1.0000000
L_Paracentral_Area 0.2500000 1.0000000
L_Parsopercularis_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Parsorbitalis_Area 0.0736342 1.0000000
L_Parstriangularis_Area 0.3875000 1.0000000
L_Pericalcarine_Area 0.0186000 0.7440000
L_Postcentral_Area 0.2300885 1.0000000
L_Posteriorcingulate_Area 1.0000000 1.0000000
L_Precentral_Area 0.0909091 1.0000000
L_Precuneus_Area 0.0056000 0.2632000
L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area 0.1100124 1.0000000
L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area 1.0000000 1.0000000
L_Superiorfrontal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Superiorparietal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
L_Superiortemporal_Area 0.4516129 1.0000000
L_Supramarginal_Area 0.0966030 1.0000000
L_Frontalpole_Area 0.0360595 1.0000000
L_Temporalpole_Area 0.0082000 0.3690000
L_Transversetemporal_Area 0.4125874 1.0000000
L_Insula_Area 0.0393989 1.0000000
R_Bankssts_Area 0.9411765 1.0000000
R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area 0.3207547 1.0000000
R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Cuneus_Area 0.0094000 0.4136000
R_Entorhinal_Area 0.5555556 1.0000000
R_Fusiform_Area 0.0004000 0.0208000
R_Inferiorparietal_Area 1.0000000 1.0000000
R_Inferiortemporal_Area 0.0040000 0.1960000
R_Isthmuscingulate_Area 1.0000000 1.0000000
R_Lateraloccipital_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area 0.0108000 0.4644000
R_Lingual_Area 0.0040000 0.1960000
R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area 0.0150000 0.6150000
R_Middletemporal_Area 0.0010000 0.0510000
R_Parahippocampal_Area 0.3150685 1.0000000
R_Paracentral_Area 0.7450980 1.0000000
R_Parsopercularis_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Parsorbitalis_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Parstriangularis_Area 0.9411765 1.0000000
R_Pericalcarine_Area 0.1258941 1.0000000
R_Postcentral_Area 0.4384615 1.0000000
R_Posteriorcingulate_Area 0.0256008 0.9728318
R_Precentral_Area 0.1161880 1.0000000
R_Precuneus_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area 0.0134000 0.5628000
R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area 0.1067616 1.0000000
R_Superiorfrontal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Superiorparietal_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Superiortemporal_Area 1.0000000 1.0000000
R_Supramarginal_Area 0.2970711 1.0000000
R_Frontalpole_Area 0.0000000 0.0000000
R_Temporalpole_Area 0.0914573 1.0000000
R_Transversetemporal_Area 0.7254902 1.0000000
R_Insula_Area 0.0807726 1.0000000
##                   surface_area permutation_pvalue   Holm
## 1            L_Entorhinal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 2      L_Inferiortemporal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 3      L_Lateraloccipital_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 4  L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 5               L_Lingual_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 6       L_Parsopercularis_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 7       L_Superiorfrontal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 8      L_Superiorparietal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 9   R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 10             R_Fusiform_Area              4e-04 0.0208
## 11     R_Lateraloccipital_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 12      R_Parsopercularis_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 13        R_Parsorbitalis_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 14            R_Precuneus_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 15      R_Superiorfrontal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 16     R_Superiorparietal_Area              0e+00 0.0000
## 17          R_Frontalpole_Area              0e+00 0.0000

Graphs of brain surface area with statistical significance after multiple comparisons analysis

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4. HCP sample paired

The sample was selected aiming to pair Whites and African American identities by age, education, economic income and gender.

Table 1. Descriptives for racial identity
N Racial Identity p-value2
White, N = 561 Black or African Am., N = 561
Age (y) 112 29.18 (3.79) 29.25 (3.62) 0.919
Education(y) 112 14.27 (1.80) 14.41 (1.90) 0.684
Sex 112 >0.999
M 23 (41%) 23 (41%)
F 33 (59%) 33 (59%)
Economic Income 112 0.527
<$10000 3 (5.4%) 7 (12%)
>=100000 7 (12%) 6 (11%)
10K-19999 5 (8.9%) 10 (18%)
20K-29999 9 (16%) 9 (16%)
30K-39999 8 (14%) 10 (18%)
40K-49999 9 (16%) 5 (8.9%)
50K-74999 13 (23%) 8 (14%)
75K-99999 2 (3.6%) 1 (1.8%)

1 Mean (SD); n (%)

2 Welch Two Sample t-test; Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's exact test

5. Brain volume analysis of paired sample t-test

## $BrainSeg_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.6337, df = 67.186, p-value = 0.01047
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.049090044 -0.006762595
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.7394504                          0.7673767 
## 
## 
## $BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.4872, df = 68.868, p-value = 0.0153
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.048092462 -0.005281342
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.7281336                          0.7548205 
## 
## 
## $BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent_Surf
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.4841, df = 68.883, p-value = 0.01542
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.048001620 -0.005241775
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.7269555                          0.7535772 
## 
## 
## $Lcort_GM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.4835, df = 85.959, p-value = 0.1416
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.008976845  0.001304554
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.1578459                          0.1616821 
## 
## 
## $Rcort_GM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.2459, df = 74.254, p-value = 0.2167
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.008143323  0.001877330
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.1621293                          0.1652623 
## 
## 
## $TotCort_GM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.3846, df = 77.552, p-value = 0.1701
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.016990803  0.003052368
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.3199752                          0.3269445 
## 
## 
## $SubCort_GM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.8787, df = 80.837, p-value = 0.005108
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0036604586 -0.0006683756
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                         0.03838516                         0.04054958 
## 
## 
## $Total_GM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.3871, df = 73.352, p-value = 0.1696
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.021998370  0.003942658
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.4317209                          0.4407487 
## 
## 
## $SupraTentorial_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.7973, df = 70.753, p-value = 0.006633
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.045751823 -0.007669755
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.6459050                          0.6726158 
## 
## 
## $L_WM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.4438, df = 81.885, p-value = 0.0009066
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.012476439 -0.003339924
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.1376464                          0.1455546 
## 
## 
## $R_WM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.5241, df = 81.452, p-value = 0.0007002
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.013139989 -0.003657147
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.1395991                          0.1479976 
## 
## 
## $Tot_WM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.4892, df = 81.586, p-value = 0.0007838
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.025604462 -0.007009044
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                          0.2772455                          0.2935522 
## 
## 
## $L_LatVent_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.94902, df = 105.19, p-value = 0.3448
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0012136178  0.0004279226
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.003993524                        0.004386372 
## 
## 
## $L_InfLatVent_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.074581, df = 108.84, p-value = 0.9407
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.820077e-05  2.615539e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0001327119                       0.0001337345 
## 
## 
## $L_Cerebellum_WM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.752, df = 84.522, p-value = 0.007246
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0011880049 -0.0001913637
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.009199890                        0.009889574 
## 
## 
## $L_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = 0.11944, df = 102.9, p-value = 0.9052
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.001310037  0.001477931
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                         0.03635298                         0.03626904 
## 
## 
## $L_ThalamusProper_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.4456, df = 88.098, p-value = 0.0008748
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0006133033 -0.0001646326
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.005272672                        0.005661640 
## 
## 
## $L_Caudate_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.4843, df = 89.545, p-value = 0.01484
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.761480e-04 -3.072866e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002407263                        0.002560702 
## 
## 
## $L_Putamen_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.4908, df = 92.244, p-value = 0.1394
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.802033e-04  5.415935e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.003506415                        0.003669437 
## 
## 
## $L_Pallidum_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.9964, df = 95.72, p-value = 0.04874
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.290328e-04 -3.662861e-07
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0008446911                       0.0009093907 
## 
## 
## $`3rdVent_Vol`
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.22467, df = 109.48, p-value = 0.8227
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -6.152642e-05  4.899723e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0004840765                       0.0004903411 
## 
## 
## $`4thVent_Vol`
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.80717, df = 104.26, p-value = 0.4214
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.932356e-04  8.143191e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.001097183                        0.001153085 
## 
## 
## $BrainStem_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.1863, df = 76.288, p-value = 0.002089
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0015451073 -0.0003565123
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                         0.01368114                         0.01463195 
## 
## 
## $L_Hippo_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.8061, df = 99.602, p-value = 0.07392
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.939382e-04  9.105367e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002804027                        0.002896444 
## 
## 
## $L_Amygdala_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.3706, df = 106.02, p-value = 0.1734
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -6.622185e-05  1.208549e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0009856341                       0.0010127022 
## 
## 
## $CSF_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.0007, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.04789
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -9.210095e-05 -4.371499e-07
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0006468318                       0.0006931009 
## 
## 
## $L_AccumbensArea_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.5605, df = 100.85, p-value = 0.01194
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -5.179481e-05 -6.573124e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0003440178                       0.0003732018 
## 
## 
## $L_VentDC_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.6109, df = 81.089, p-value = 0.1111
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.170542e-04  2.282978e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002668395                        0.002765507 
## 
## 
## $L_Vessel_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = 0.17, df = 109.12, p-value = 0.8653
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.068451e-05  1.268938e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       4.591875e-05                       4.491632e-05 
## 
## 
## $L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.2577, df = 101.9, p-value = 0.001527
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.368119e-04 -3.325918e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0006868131                       0.0007718486 
## 
## 
## $R_LatVent_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.5545, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.1229
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0012589339  0.0001521157
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.003592941                        0.004146350 
## 
## 
## $R_InfLatVent_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.65801, df = 109.15, p-value = 0.5119
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -4.166886e-05  2.089690e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0001396077                       0.0001499937 
## 
## 
## $R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.766, df = 88.31, p-value = 0.00691
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0011887927 -0.0001947821
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.009379461                        0.010071248 
## 
## 
## $R_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.02941, df = 102.75, p-value = 0.9766
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.001478980  0.001435759
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                         0.03739171                         0.03741332 
## 
## 
## $R_ThalamusProper_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.6616, df = 86.119, p-value = 0.0004318
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0006016339 -0.0001782381
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.004643536                        0.005033472 
## 
## 
## $R_Caudate_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.5247, df = 93.676, p-value = 0.01326
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.825860e-04 -3.377385e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002484572                        0.002642752 
## 
## 
## $R_Putamen_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.037, df = 92.991, p-value = 0.0445
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.940574e-04 -5.011787e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.003484101                        0.003683635 
## 
## 
## $R_Pallidum_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.8089, df = 91.304, p-value = 0.006081
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0001402153 -0.0000240528
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0009225036                       0.0010046377 
## 
## 
## $R_Hippo_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.1114, df = 97.891, p-value = 0.03729
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.002450e-04 -6.202919e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002857079                        0.002960303 
## 
## 
## $R_Amygdala_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.23, df = 101.34, p-value = 0.02795
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -8.976165e-05 -5.248490e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.001025007                        0.001072512 
## 
## 
## $R_AccumbensArea_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -1.8698, df = 105.76, p-value = 0.06428
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -4.332555e-05  1.269613e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0003745089                       0.0003955369 
## 
## 
## $R_VentDC_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.1815, df = 86.699, p-value = 0.03185
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -2.536160e-04 -1.178932e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                        0.002680394                        0.002813097 
## 
## 
## $R_Vessel_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = 0.39449, df = 109.85, p-value = 0.694
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -9.30185e-06  1.39254e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       5.311242e-05                       5.080065e-05 
## 
## 
## $R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -2.8995, df = 88.881, p-value = 0.004709
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.734109e-04 -3.238056e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0007813777                       0.0008842734 
## 
## 
## $`5thVent_Vol`
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = 0.91054, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.3645
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -7.419488e-07  2.003254e-06
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       3.006748e-06                       2.376095e-06 
## 
## 
## $OpticChiasm_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -4.298, df = 109.8, p-value = 3.743e-05
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.669130e-05 -1.353302e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0001409181                       0.0001660302 
## 
## 
## $CC_Posterior_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.3861, df = 107.02, p-value = 0.0009922
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.059977e-04 -2.771635e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0006058901                       0.0006727472 
## 
## 
## $CC_MidPosterior_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.54431, df = 110, p-value = 0.5873
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.662768e-05  2.084283e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0002944588                       0.0003023512 
## 
## 
## $CC_Central_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.38226, df = 107.77, p-value = 0.703
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.340025e-05  2.260085e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0003256024                       0.0003310021 
## 
## 
## $CC_MidAnterior_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -0.76986, df = 109.63, p-value = 0.443
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.952183e-05  1.740721e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0003210983                       0.0003321556 
## 
## 
## $CC_Anterior_Vol
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry$Racial_identity
## t = -3.3067, df = 109.56, p-value = 0.001277
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -9.535257e-05 -2.388692e-05
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                       0.0005726357                       0.0006322555

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

p-values Holm
BrainSeg_Vol 0.0104735 0.3665730
BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent 0.0153004 0.4748403
BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent_Surf 0.0154228 0.4748403
Lcort_GM_Vol 0.1416079 1.0000000
Rcort_GM_Vol 0.2167243 1.0000000
TotCort_GM_Vol 0.1701450 1.0000000
SubCort_GM_Vol 0.0051079 0.2043166
Total_GM_Vol 0.1696203 1.0000000
SupraTentorial_Vol 0.0066331 0.2520562
L_WM_Vol 0.0009066 0.0417046
R_WM_Vol 0.0007002 0.0343076
Tot_WM_Vol 0.0007838 0.0376245
L_LatVent_Vol 0.3447852 1.0000000
L_InfLatVent_Vol 0.9406851 1.0000000
L_Cerebellum_WM_Vol 0.0072465 0.2608739
L_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol 0.9051632 1.0000000
L_ThalamusProper_Vol 0.0008748 0.0411153
L_Caudate_Vol 0.0148388 0.4748403
L_Putamen_Vol 0.1394374 1.0000000
L_Pallidum_Vol 0.0487354 1.0000000
3rdVent_Vol 0.8226556 1.0000000
4thVent_Vol 0.4214039 1.0000000
BrainStem_Vol 0.0020890 0.0877380
L_Hippo_Vol 0.0739198 1.0000000
L_Amygdala_Vol 0.1733854 1.0000000
CSF_Vol 0.0478915 1.0000000
L_AccumbensArea_Vol 0.0119355 0.4058063
L_VentDC_Vol 0.1110783 1.0000000
L_Vessel_Vol 0.8653262 1.0000000
L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol 0.0015265 0.0656406
R_LatVent_Vol 0.1229415 1.0000000
R_InfLatVent_Vol 0.5119190 1.0000000
R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol 0.0069102 0.2556774
R_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol 0.9765949 1.0000000
R_ThalamusProper_Vol 0.0004318 0.0215885
R_Caudate_Vol 0.0132620 0.4376467
R_Putamen_Vol 0.0444959 1.0000000
R_Pallidum_Vol 0.0060808 0.2371511
R_Hippo_Vol 0.0372874 1.0000000
R_Amygdala_Vol 0.0279513 0.8105887
R_AccumbensArea_Vol 0.0642832 1.0000000
R_VentDC_Vol 0.0318520 0.8918547
R_Vessel_Vol 0.6939837 1.0000000
R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol 0.0047090 0.1930687
5thVent_Vol 0.3645295 1.0000000
OpticChiasm_Vol 0.0000374 0.0019090
CC_Posterior_Vol 0.0009922 0.0446501
CC_MidPosterior_Vol 0.5873288 1.0000000
CC_Central_Vol 0.7030239 1.0000000
CC_MidAnterior_Vol 0.4430363 1.0000000
CC_Anterior_Vol 0.0012771 0.0561929
##                            pvalue        Holm
## L_WM_Vol             9.066218e-04 0.041704604
## R_WM_Vol             7.001549e-04 0.034307590
## Tot_WM_Vol           7.838433e-04 0.037624480
## L_ThalamusProper_Vol 8.747937e-04 0.041115302
## R_ThalamusProper_Vol 4.317700e-04 0.021588499
## OpticChiasm_Vol      3.743104e-05 0.001908983
## CC_Posterior_Vol     9.922238e-04 0.044650072

Table statistical summary of brain volumetry

data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry %>% 
dplyr::rename(
    "Brain Seg"= BrainSeg_Vol,                         
    "Brain Seg No Vent" = BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent,                  
    "Brain Seg No Vent Surf" = BrainSeg_Vol_No_Vent_Surf,
    "Left Cortical GM" = Lcort_GM_Vol,                         
    "Right Cortical GM" =Rcort_GM_Vol,
    "Cortical GM" = TotCort_GM_Vol, 
    "Subcortical GM" = SubCort_GM_Vol,
    "Total GM" = Total_GM_Vol,
    "SupraTentorial" = SupraTentorial_Vol,
    "Left WM" = L_WM_Vol,
    "Right WM" = R_WM_Vol,
    "Total WM" = Tot_WM_Vol,
    "Left Lat Ventricle" = L_LatVent_Vol,
    "Left Inf Lat Ventricle" = L_InfLatVent_Vol,
    "Left Cerebellum WM" = L_Cerebellum_WM_Vol,
    "Left Cerebellum Cortex" = L_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol,
    "Left Thalamus Proper" = L_ThalamusProper_Vol,
    "Left Caudate" = L_Caudate_Vol,
    "Left Putamen" = L_Putamen_Vol,
    "Left Pallidum" = L_Pallidum_Vol,
    "3rd Ventricle" = `3rdVent_Vol`,
    "4th Ventricle" = `4thVent_Vol`,
    "Brain Stem" = BrainStem_Vol,
    "Left Hippocampus" = L_Hippo_Vol,
    "Left Amygdala"= L_Amygdala_Vol,
    "CSF" = CSF_Vol,
    "Left Accumbens Area" = L_AccumbensArea_Vol,
    "Left Vent Diencephalon" = L_VentDC_Vol,
    "Left Vessel" = L_Vessel_Vol,
    "Left Choroid Plexus" = L_ChoroidPlexus_Vol,
    "Right Lat Ventricle"= R_LatVent_Vol,
    "Right Inf Lat Ventricle"= R_InfLatVent_Vol,
    "Right Cerebellum WM"=R_Cerebellum_WM_Vol,
    "Right Cerebellum Cortex" = R_Cerebellum_Cort_Vol,
    "Right Thalamus Proper" = R_ThalamusProper_Vol,
    "Right Caudate" = R_Caudate_Vol,
    "Right Putamen" = R_Putamen_Vol,
    "Right Pallidum" = R_Pallidum_Vol,
    "Right Hippocampus" = R_Hippo_Vol,
    "Right Amygdala"= R_Amygdala_Vol,
    "Right Accumbens Area" = R_AccumbensArea_Vol,
    "Right Vent Diencephalon"= R_VentDC_Vol,
    "Right Vessel" = R_Vessel_Vol,
    "Right Choroid Plexus"= R_ChoroidPlexus_Vol,
    "5th Ventricle" = `5thVent_Vol`,
    "Optic Chiasm" = OpticChiasm_Vol,
    "CC Posterior"= CC_Posterior_Vol,
    "CC MidPosterior"= CC_MidPosterior_Vol,
    "CC Central" = CC_Central_Vol,
    "CC MidAnterior" = CC_MidAnterior_Vol,
    "CC Anterior" = CC_Anterior_Vol)  %>%  tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 4)) %>% add_difference() %>% add_q(method = "holm", pvalue_fun = function(x) style_pvalue(x, digits = 3)) %>%  as_gt()
## add_q: Adjusting p-values with
## `stats::p.adjust(x$table_body$p.value, method = "holm")`
Characteristic White, N = 561 Black or African Am., N = 561 Difference2 95% CI2,3 p-value2 q-value4
Brain Seg 0.7395 (0.02520) 0.7674 (0.07524) -0.03 -0.05, -0.01 0.010 0.367
Brain Seg No Vent 0.7281 (0.02706) 0.7548 (0.07559) -0.03 -0.05, -0.01 0.015 0.475
Brain Seg No Vent Surf 0.7270 (0.02704) 0.7536 (0.07550) -0.03 -0.05, -0.01 0.015 0.475
Left Cortical GM 0.1578 (0.009392) 0.1617 (0.016919) 0.00 -0.01, 0.00 0.14 >0.999
Right Cortical GM 0.1621 (0.007363) 0.1653 (0.017318) 0.00 -0.01, 0.00 0.2 >0.999
Cortical GM 0.3200 (0.01583) 0.3269 (0.03418) -0.01 -0.02, 0.00 0.2 >0.999
Subcortical GM 0.03839 (0.002514) 0.04055 (0.005034) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.005 0.204
Total GM 0.4317 (0.01865) 0.4407 (0.04499) -0.01 -0.02, 0.00 0.2 >0.999
SupraTentorial 0.6459 (0.02553) 0.6726 (0.06674) -0.03 -0.05, -0.01 0.007 0.252
Left WM 0.1376 (0.007819) 0.1456 (0.015303) -0.01 -0.01, 0.00 <0.001 0.042
Right WM 0.1396 (0.008055) 0.1480 (0.015912) -0.01 -0.01, 0.00 <0.001 0.034
Total WM 0.2772 (0.01583) 0.2936 (0.03118) -0.02 -0.03, -0.01 <0.001 0.038
Left Lat Ventricle 0.003994 (0.002413) 0.004386 (0.001942) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.3 >0.999
Left Inf Lat Ventricle 0.0001327 (6.871e-05) 0.0001337 (7.621e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 >0.9 >0.999
Left Cerebellum WM 0.00920 (0.0008905) 0.00989 (0.0016505) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.007 0.261
Left Cerebellum Cortex 0.03635 (0.003194) 0.03627 (0.004179) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 >0.9 >0.999
Left Thalamus Proper 0.005273 (0.0004230) 0.005662 (0.0007313) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 <0.001 0.041
Left Caudate 0.002407 (0.0002361) 0.002561 (0.0003973) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.015 0.475
Left Putamen 0.003506 (0.0004335) 0.003669 (0.0006941) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.14 >0.999
Left Pallidum 0.0008447 (0.0001343) 0.0009094 (0.0002019) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.049 >0.999
3rd Ventricle 0.0004841 (0.0001424) 0.0004903 (0.0001525) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.8 >0.999
4th Ventricle 0.001097 (0.0003206) 0.001153 (0.0004072) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.4 >0.999
Brain Stem 0.01368 (0.0009143) 0.01463 (0.0020374) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.002 0.088
Left Hippocampus 0.002804 (0.0002228) 0.002896 (0.0003114) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.074 >0.999
Left Amygdala 0.0009856 (9.384e-05) 0.0010127 (1.142e-04) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.2 >0.999
CSF 0.0006468 (0.0001218) 0.0006931 (0.0001229) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.048 >0.999
Left Accumbens Area 0.0003440 (5.042e-05) 0.0003732 (6.880e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.012 0.406
Left Vent Diencephalon 0.002668 (0.0002025) 0.002766 (0.0004031) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.11 >0.999
Left Vessel 4.592e-05 (2.977e-05) 4.492e-05 (3.257e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.9 >0.999
Left Choroid Plexus 0.0006868 (0.0001170) 0.0007718 (0.0001564) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.002 0.066
Right Lat Ventricle 0.003593 (0.001893) 0.004146 (0.001875) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.12 >0.999
Right Inf Lat Ventricle 0.0001396 (7.975e-05) 0.0001500 (8.713e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.5 >0.999
Right Cerebellum WM 0.009379 (0.0009399) 0.010071 (0.0016185) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.007 0.256
Right Cerebellum Cortex 0.03739 (0.003332) 0.03741 (0.004374) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 >0.9 >0.999
Right Thalamus Proper 0.004644 (0.0003877) 0.005033 (0.0006962) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 <0.001 0.022
Right Caudate 0.002485 (0.0002530) 0.002643 (0.0003947) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.013 0.438
Right Putamen 0.003484 (0.0003921) 0.003684 (0.0006193) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.044 >0.999
Right Pallidum 0.0009225 (0.0001145) 0.0010046 (0.0001865) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.006 0.237
Right Hippocampus 0.002857 (0.0002083) 0.002960 (0.0003008) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.037 >0.999
Right Amygdala 0.001025 (9.483e-05) 0.001073 (1.281e-04) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.028 0.811
Right Accumbens Area 0.0003745 (5.322e-05) 0.0003955 (6.519e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.064 >0.999
Right Vent Diencephalon 0.002680 (0.0002234) 0.002813 (0.0003966) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.032 0.892
Right Vessel 5.311e-05 (3.043e-05) 5.080e-05 (3.158e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.7 >0.999
Right Choroid Plexus 0.0007814 (0.0001344) 0.0008843 (0.0002290) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.005 0.193
5th Ventricle 3.007e-06 (3.685e-06) 2.376e-06 (3.645e-06) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.4 >0.999
Optic Chiasm 0.0001409 (3.026e-05) 0.0001660 (3.156e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 <0.001 0.002
CC Posterior 0.0006059 (9.536e-05) 0.0006727 (1.129e-04) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 <0.001 0.045
CC MidPosterior 0.0002945 (7.662e-05) 0.0003024 (7.683e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.6 >0.999
CC Central 0.0003256 (7.994e-05) 0.0003310 (6.916e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.7 >0.999
CC MidAnterior 0.0003211 (7.817e-05) 0.0003322 (7.376e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.4 >0.999
CC Anterior 0.0005726 (9.839e-05) 0.0006323 (9.232e-05) 0.00 0.00, 0.00 0.001 0.056

1 Mean (SD)

2 Welch Two Sample t-test

3 CI = Confidence Interval

4 Holm correction for multiple testing

Graphs of brain volumetry with statistical significance after multiple comparisons analysis

data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry_wrap <- data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry %>% dplyr::select(c(1,11,12,13,47,48,18,36))%>% dplyr::rename(
    "Cortical WM*"=Tot_WM_Vol,
    "Left Cortical WM*"= L_WM_Vol,
    "Right Cortical WM*"= R_WM_Vol,
    "Optic Chiasm***"=OpticChiasm_Vol,
    "CC Posterior*"= CC_Posterior_Vol,
    "Left Thalamus Proper*"= L_ThalamusProper_Vol,
    "Right Thalamus Proper*"= R_ThalamusProper_Vol,
 ) %>% gather(key = "volumetry", value = "cubic_milimeters_ICV", -Racial_identity)


plot_volumetry_paired_corrected_permutation_facet <- ggplot(data = data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_volumetry_wrap, aes(y = cubic_milimeters_ICV , x = volumetry, fill = Racial_identity)) + 
geom_half_violin((aes(fill = factor(Racial_identity))),position = position_nudge(x = .6, y = 0), alpha = .8) +
 geom_boxplot(aes(y = cubic_milimeters_ICV , x = volumetry,fill=Racial_identity), position = position_dodge(.5), notch = TRUE,outlier.shape = NA, width= 0.3, alpha =0.4, show.legend = FALSE) +  stat_summary(aes(y = cubic_milimeters_ICV , x = volumetry,fill=Racial_identity),fun.y="mean",position = position_dodge(.5), show.legend = FALSE) +  geom_point((aes(colour = factor(Racial_identity))), position = position_jitterdodge(dodge.width = 0.55), size = .5, alpha = .8, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  #coord_cartesian(ylim=c(0,0.001)) + 
  facet_wrap(~volumetry, scales = "free") +
#expand_limits(x = 6) +
#guides(fill = TRUE) +
#guides(color = TRUE) +
#scale_color_manual(values=c("red", "blue")) +
scale_fill_discrete(labels = c("Whites", "African Americans")) +
#scale_color_brewer(palette = "Spectral") +
#scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Spectral") +
#coord_flip() +
theme_light(base_size = 12, base_family = "Arial") +
  #ggtitle("Volumetric results") 
   xlab("") + ylab(~~ mm^'3'/ ICV) + labs(fill = "") + labs(col = "")  + theme(legend.position = "top",axis.text.x=element_blank(), strip.text.x = element_text(color = "black", face = "bold"))  #+ geom_signif(comparisons = list(c("White", "Black or African Am.")),tip_length=0,y_position = 9, textsize = 4)
## Warning: `fun.y` is deprecated. Use `fun` instead.
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

6. Brain cortical thickness analysis of paired sample t-test

## Selection of brain cortical thickness and Racial identity variables


data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness <- data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired %>% select(c(2,6:73)) %>% dplyr::rename(
    L_Bankssts_Thck = FS_L_Bankssts_Thck,
    L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck = FS_L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    L_Cuneus_Thck = FS_L_Cuneus_Thck,
    L_Entorhinal_Thck = FS_L_Entorhinal_Thck,
    L_Fusiform_Thck = FS_L_Fusiform_Thck, 
    L_Inferiorparietal_Thck = FS_L_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    L_Inferiortemporal_Thck = FS_L_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck = FS_L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    L_Lateraloccipital_Thck = FS_L_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck = FS_L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    L_Lingual_Thck  = FS_L_Lingual_Thck,
    L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck = FS_L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    L_Middletemporal_Thck = FS_L_Middletemporal_Thck,
    L_Parahippocampal_Thck = FS_L_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    L_Paracentral_Thck = FS_L_Paracentral_Thck,
    L_Parsopercularis_Thck = FS_L_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    L_Parsorbitalis_Thck = FS_L_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    L_Parstriangularis_Thck = FS_L_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    L_Pericalcarine_Thck = FS_L_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    L_Postcentral_Thck = FS_L_Postcentral_Thck,
    L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    L_Precentral_Thck = FS_L_Precentral_Thck,
    L_Precuneus_Thck = FS_L_Precuneus_Thck,
    L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck = FS_L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    L_Superiorfrontal_Thck = FS_L_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    L_Superiorparietal_Thck = FS_L_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    L_Superiortemporal_Thck = FS_L_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    L_Supramarginal_Thck = FS_L_Supramarginal_Thck,
    L_Frontalpole_Thck = FS_L_Frontalpole_Thck,
    L_Temporalpole_Thck = FS_L_Temporalpole_Thck,
    L_Transversetemporal_Thck = FS_L_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    L_Insula_Thck = FS_L_Insula_Thck,
    R_Bankssts_Thck = FS_R_Bankssts_Thck,
    R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck = FS_R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    R_Cuneus_Thck = FS_R_Cuneus_Thck,
    R_Entorhinal_Thck = FS_R_Entorhinal_Thck,
    R_Fusiform_Thck = FS_R_Fusiform_Thck,
    R_Inferiorparietal_Thck = FS_R_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    R_Inferiortemporal_Thck = FS_R_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck = FS_R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    R_Lateraloccipital_Thck = FS_R_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck = FS_R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    R_Lingual_Thck = FS_R_Lingual_Thck,
    R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck = FS_R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    R_Middletemporal_Thck= FS_R_Middletemporal_Thck,
    R_Parahippocampal_Thck = FS_R_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    R_Paracentral_Thck = FS_R_Paracentral_Thck,
    R_Parsopercularis_Thck= FS_R_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    R_Parsorbitalis_Thck = FS_R_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    R_Parstriangularis_Thck = FS_R_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    R_Pericalcarine_Thck = FS_R_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    R_Postcentral_Thck = FS_R_Postcentral_Thck,
    R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    R_Precentral_Thck = FS_R_Precentral_Thck,
    R_Precuneus_Thck = FS_R_Precuneus_Thck,
    R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck = FS_R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck = FS_R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    R_Superiorfrontal_Thck = FS_R_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    R_Superiorparietal_Thck = FS_R_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    R_Superiortemporal_Thck = FS_R_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    R_Supramarginal_Thck = FS_R_Supramarginal_Thck,
    R_Frontalpole_Thck = FS_R_Frontalpole_Thck,
    R_Temporalpole_Thck = FS_R_Temporalpole_Thck,                  
    R_Transversetemporal_Thck = FS_R_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    R_Insula_Thck = FS_R_Insula_Thck )
## $L_Bankssts_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.4695, df = 102.9, p-value = 0.6397
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.04479382  0.07257953
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.666339                           2.652446 
## 
## 
## $L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -2.1227, df = 107.6, p-value = 0.03607
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.152877706 -0.005229436
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.663375                           2.742429 
## 
## 
## $L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.6847, df = 107.64, p-value = 0.09495
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.094567462  0.007674605
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.718964                           2.762411 
## 
## 
## $L_Cuneus_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.9112, df = 97.23, p-value = 0.004464
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.02216525 0.11712046
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.109357                           2.039714 
## 
## 
## $L_Entorhinal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.6002, df = 104.44, p-value = 0.5497
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06059876  0.11320590
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.296839                           3.270536 
## 
## 
## $L_Fusiform_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.34605, df = 91.758, p-value = 0.7301
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.04054000  0.05764714
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.858571                           2.850018 
## 
## 
## $L_Inferiorparietal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.3822, df = 101.63, p-value = 0.1699
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01368864  0.07661721
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.583321                           2.551857 
## 
## 
## $L_Inferiortemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.70951, df = 94.174, p-value = 0.4798
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06870986  0.03253129
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.911589                           2.929679 
## 
## 
## $L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.71285, df = 95.141, p-value = 0.4777
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06543607  0.13875750
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.309679                           2.273018 
## 
## 
## $L_Lateraloccipital_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.3863, df = 101.1, p-value = 0.01888
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.009433102 0.102388327
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.290089                           2.234179 
## 
## 
## $L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.65916, df = 109.95, p-value = 0.5112
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.03651116  0.07290401
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.806839                           2.788643 
## 
## 
## $L_Lingual_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.7442, df = 102.19, p-value = 0.08414
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.005000231  0.077893088
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.161857                           2.125411 
## 
## 
## $L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -2.7281, df = 108.68, p-value = 0.00743
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.13096862 -0.02074567
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.542786                           2.618643 
## 
## 
## $L_Middletemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.97077, df = 105.47, p-value = 0.3339
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.02542734  0.07421305
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.974000                           2.949607 
## 
## 
## $L_Parahippocampal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.98294, df = 102.91, p-value = 0.3279
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.04872245  0.14447245
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.755339                           2.707464 
## 
## 
## $L_Paracentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.86276, df = 102.43, p-value = 0.3903
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.02961947  0.07522661
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.565268                           2.542464 
## 
## 
## $L_Parsopercularis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.9291, df = 99.275, p-value = 0.05658
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.100775888  0.001418745
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.746357                           2.796036 
## 
## 
## $L_Parsorbitalis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.89638, df = 109.74, p-value = 0.372
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.08830025  0.03330025
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.762482                           2.789982 
## 
## 
## $L_Parstriangularis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.4948, df = 109.78, p-value = 0.1378
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.09236763  0.01293906
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.594143                           2.633857 
## 
## 
## $L_Pericalcarine_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.4001, df = 107.08, p-value = 0.1644
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01373973  0.07981116
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.011036                           1.978000 
## 
## 
## $L_Postcentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.4352, df = 100.79, p-value = 0.01664
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.009204953 0.090116476
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.225946                           2.176286 
## 
## 
## $L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.032273, df = 107.8, p-value = 0.9743
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.04963066  0.05127352
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.582429                           2.581607 
## 
## 
## $L_Precentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.80206, df = 96.123, p-value = 0.4245
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06651785  0.02823214
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.720357                           2.739500 
## 
## 
## $L_Precuneus_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.75555, df = 105.86, p-value = 0.4516
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.02984248  0.06659248
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.532179                           2.513804 
## 
## 
## $L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.5878, df = 105.32, p-value = 0.1153
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.14917938  0.01650081
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.014696                           3.081036 
## 
## 
## $L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.446, df = 106.67, p-value = 0.1511
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.08124878  0.01271307
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.550125                           2.584393 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiorfrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.3112, df = 108.31, p-value = 0.1926
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.08790819  0.01790819
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.833875                           2.868875 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiorparietal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.56354, df = 105.67, p-value = 0.5743
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.03120815  0.05599386
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.293607                           2.281214 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiortemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.0711, df = 99.277, p-value = 0.2867
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.08012443  0.02394585
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.859982                           2.888071 
## 
## 
## $L_Supramarginal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.1496, df = 105.57, p-value = 0.2529
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01969507  0.07405222
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.659732                           2.632554 
## 
## 
## $L_Frontalpole_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -2.006, df = 107.59, p-value = 0.04736
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.1642002860 -0.0009782855
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.787607                           2.870196 
## 
## 
## $L_Temporalpole_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.17749, df = 107.2, p-value = 0.8595
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.09351522  0.11190808
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.419804                           3.410607 
## 
## 
## $L_Transversetemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5762, df = 103.66, p-value = 0.118
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01491582  0.13048725
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.655946                           2.598161 
## 
## 
## $L_Insula_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.0629, df = 105.9, p-value = 0.2903
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.02801573  0.09276573
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.052821                           3.020446 
## 
## 
## $R_Bankssts_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.0817, df = 99.638, p-value = 0.002661
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.0289144 0.1334427
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.825339                           2.744161 
## 
## 
## $R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.6659, df = 109.8, p-value = 0.5069
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.11892899  0.05910756
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.506000                           2.535911 
## 
## 
## $R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.9697, df = 105.49, p-value = 0.0515
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.0835610700  0.0002753557
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.735500                           2.777143 
## 
## 
## $R_Cuneus_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.1173, df = 108.87, p-value = 0.002335
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.02344523 0.10530477
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.106071                           2.041696 
## 
## 
## $R_Entorhinal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.4755, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.0007308
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.06443018 0.23539125
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.463196                           3.313286 
## 
## 
## $R_Fusiform_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6638, df = 109.93, p-value = 0.099
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.006890567  0.078997710
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.896089                           2.860036 
## 
## 
## $R_Inferiorparietal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.4345, df = 109.92, p-value = 0.01652
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.008388545 0.081825741
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.663250                           2.618143 
## 
## 
## $R_Inferiortemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.3862, df = 109.69, p-value = 0.1685
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01257589  0.07111161
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.983125                           2.953857 
## 
## 
## $R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.2201, df = 109.75, p-value = 0.8262
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.05860337  0.07324623
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.311018                           2.303696 
## 
## 
## $R_Lateraloccipital_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.7175, df = 109.63, p-value = 0.0003187
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.03515018 0.11542124
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.348214                           2.272929 
## 
## 
## $R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.53326, df = 108.16, p-value = 0.5949
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.03648581  0.06334295
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.821321                           2.807893 
## 
## 
## $R_Lingual_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.3228, df = 109.13, p-value = 0.001214
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.0260995 0.1032576
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.197161                           2.132482 
## 
## 
## $R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.2172, df = 108.4, p-value = 0.2262
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.08654759  0.02069045
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.741536                           2.774464 
## 
## 
## $R_Middletemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.8079, df = 109.41, p-value = 0.005907
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.01673597 0.09704975
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.069571                           3.012679 
## 
## 
## $R_Parahippocampal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.7334, df = 91.413, p-value = 0.0864
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01014648  0.14925362
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.725357                           2.655804 
## 
## 
## $R_Paracentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 0.44348, df = 106.37, p-value = 0.6583
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.03823635  0.06027206
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.598768                           2.587750 
## 
## 
## $R_Parsopercularis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.0088, df = 103.18, p-value = 0.3154
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06625771  0.02157914
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.831339                           2.853679 
## 
## 
## $R_Parsorbitalis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.24711, df = 109.96, p-value = 0.8053
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.05911143  0.04600429
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.836357                           2.842911 
## 
## 
## $R_Parstriangularis_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.77805, df = 95.902, p-value = 0.4385
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06132280  0.02678709
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.685268                           2.702536 
## 
## 
## $R_Pericalcarine_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.916, df = 102.81, p-value = 0.05814
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.001423438  0.082459152
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.022107                           1.981589 
## 
## 
## $R_Postcentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.7821, df = 109.33, p-value = 0.006363
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.01589652 0.09463919
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.259554                           2.204286 
## 
## 
## $R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.4298, df = 109.8, p-value = 0.1556
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01605672  0.09923529
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.552732                           2.511143 
## 
## 
## $R_Precentral_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.69483, df = 110, p-value = 0.4886
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.05675031  0.02728603
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.724589                           2.739321 
## 
## 
## $R_Precuneus_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6755, df = 109.7, p-value = 0.09668
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.006489788  0.077489788
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.578036                           2.542536 
## 
## 
## $R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -2.3326, df = 109.15, p-value = 0.0215
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.14836981 -0.01205876
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.976018                           3.056232 
## 
## 
## $R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.0858, df = 100.71, p-value = 0.2802
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.06719299  0.01965728
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.576107                           2.599875 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiorfrontal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.0929, df = 105.53, p-value = 0.2769
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.07733757  0.02237328
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.869304                           2.896786 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiorparietal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.1654, df = 109.97, p-value = 0.2464
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.01578616  0.06085759
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.338679                           2.316143 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiortemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -0.33461, df = 109.91, p-value = 0.7386
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.05340375  0.03797518
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.933875                           2.941589 
## 
## 
## $R_Supramarginal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.8164, df = 108.2, p-value = 0.005773
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.01718108 0.09881892
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.725857                           2.667857 
## 
## 
## $R_Frontalpole_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = -1.8771, df = 109.63, p-value = 0.06317
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.158481386  0.004302814
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.823946                           2.901036 
## 
## 
## $R_Temporalpole_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 1.1671, df = 109.11, p-value = 0.2457
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.04250584  0.16425584
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.648464                           3.587589 
## 
## 
## $R_Transversetemporal_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 3.5566, df = 109.97, p-value = 0.0005556
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.04857209 0.17082076
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2.763107                           2.653411 
## 
## 
## $R_Insula_Thck
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness$Racial_identity
## t = 2.447, df = 106.73, p-value = 0.01604
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  0.01171596 0.11171261
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3.030536                           2.968821

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

p-values Holm
L_Bankssts_Thck 0.6397041 1.0000000
L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.0360749 1.0000000
L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.0949514 1.0000000
L_Cuneus_Thck 0.0044643 0.2767895
L_Entorhinal_Thck 0.5496760 1.0000000
L_Fusiform_Thck 0.7300989 1.0000000
L_Inferiorparietal_Thck 0.1699297 1.0000000
L_Inferiortemporal_Thck 0.4797607 1.0000000
L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck 0.4776855 1.0000000
L_Lateraloccipital_Thck 0.0188786 1.0000000
L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck 0.5111692 1.0000000
L_Lingual_Thck 0.0841377 1.0000000
L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck 0.0074296 0.4309150
L_Middletemporal_Thck 0.3338834 1.0000000
L_Parahippocampal_Thck 0.3279409 1.0000000
L_Paracentral_Thck 0.3902851 1.0000000
L_Parsopercularis_Thck 0.0565794 1.0000000
L_Parsorbitalis_Thck 0.3720132 1.0000000
L_Parstriangularis_Thck 0.1378360 1.0000000
L_Pericalcarine_Thck 0.1643831 1.0000000
L_Postcentral_Thck 0.0166423 0.9251660
L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck 0.9743139 1.0000000
L_Precentral_Thck 0.4244960 1.0000000
L_Precuneus_Thck 0.4515960 1.0000000
L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.1153282 1.0000000
L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.1511089 1.0000000
L_Superiorfrontal_Thck 0.1925593 1.0000000
L_Superiorparietal_Thck 0.5742610 1.0000000
L_Superiortemporal_Thck 0.2867346 1.0000000
L_Supramarginal_Thck 0.2528999 1.0000000
L_Frontalpole_Thck 0.0473635 1.0000000
L_Temporalpole_Thck 0.8594572 1.0000000
L_Transversetemporal_Thck 0.1180157 1.0000000
L_Insula_Thck 0.2902600 1.0000000
R_Bankssts_Thck 0.0026615 0.1676719
R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.5068721 1.0000000
R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.0514964 1.0000000
R_Cuneus_Thck 0.0023347 0.1494234
R_Entorhinal_Thck 0.0007308 0.0482324
R_Fusiform_Thck 0.0990018 1.0000000
R_Inferiorparietal_Thck 0.0165208 0.9251660
R_Inferiortemporal_Thck 0.1684968 1.0000000
R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck 0.8262060 1.0000000
R_Lateraloccipital_Thck 0.0003187 0.0216723
R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck 0.5949479 1.0000000
R_Lingual_Thck 0.0012136 0.0788813
R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck 0.2261548 1.0000000
R_Middletemporal_Thck 0.0059069 0.3544162
R_Parahippocampal_Thck 0.0863983 1.0000000
R_Paracentral_Thck 0.6583216 1.0000000
R_Parsopercularis_Thck 0.3154426 1.0000000
R_Parsorbitalis_Thck 0.8052821 1.0000000
R_Parstriangularis_Thck 0.4384559 1.0000000
R_Pericalcarine_Thck 0.0581432 1.0000000
R_Postcentral_Thck 0.0063630 0.3754190
R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck 0.1556156 1.0000000
R_Precentral_Thck 0.4886245 1.0000000
R_Precuneus_Thck 0.0966801 1.0000000
R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck 0.0215026 1.0000000
R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck 0.2801629 1.0000000
R_Superiorfrontal_Thck 0.2769103 1.0000000
R_Superiorparietal_Thck 0.2463754 1.0000000
R_Superiortemporal_Thck 0.7385589 1.0000000
R_Supramarginal_Thck 0.0057728 0.3521378
R_Frontalpole_Thck 0.0631670 1.0000000
R_Temporalpole_Thck 0.2457333 1.0000000
R_Transversetemporal_Thck 0.0005556 0.0372220
R_Insula_Thck 0.0160382 0.9141779
##                                 pvalue       Holm
## R_Entorhinal_Thck         0.0007307941 0.04823241
## R_Lateraloccipital_Thck   0.0003187109 0.02167234
## R_Transversetemporal_Thck 0.0005555522 0.03722200

Table statistical summary of brain cortical thickness

data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness %>% 
dplyr::rename(
    "Left Banks STS" = L_Bankssts_Thck,
    "Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate" = L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Caudal Middle Frontal" = L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Left Cuneus" = L_Cuneus_Thck,
    "Left Entorhinal" = L_Entorhinal_Thck,
    "Left Fusiform" = L_Fusiform_Thck, 
    "Left Inferior Parietal" = L_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    "Left Inferior Temporal" = L_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    "Left Isthmuscingulate" = L_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    "Left Lateral Occipital" = L_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    "Left Lateral Orbitofrontal" = L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Left Lingual"  = L_Lingual_Thck,
    "Left Medialorbitofrontal" = L_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Left Middletemporal" = L_Middletemporal_Thck,
    "Left Parahippocampal" = L_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    "Left Paracentral" = L_Paracentral_Thck,
    "Left Parsopercularis" = L_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    "Left Parsorbitalis" = L_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    "Left Parstriangularis" = L_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    "Left Pericalcarine" = L_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    "Left Postcentral" = L_Postcentral_Thck,
    "Left Posterior Cingulate" = L_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Precentral" = L_Precentral_Thck,
    "Left Precuneus" = L_Precuneus_Thck,
    "Left Rostral anterior cingulate" = L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Left Rostral middle frontal" = L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Frontal" = L_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Parietal" = L_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    "Left Superior Temporal" = L_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    "Left Supramarginal" = L_Supramarginal_Thck,
    "Left Frontal Pole" = L_Frontalpole_Thck,
    "Left Temporal Pole" = L_Temporalpole_Thck,
    "Left Transverse Temporal" = L_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    "Left Insula" = L_Insula_Thck,
    "Right Banks STS" = R_Bankssts_Thck,
    "Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate"= R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Caudal Middle Frontal" = R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Right Cuneus" = R_Cuneus_Thck,
    "Right Entorhinal" = R_Entorhinal_Thck,
    "Right Fusiform" = R_Fusiform_Thck,
    "Right Inferior Parietal" =R_Inferiorparietal_Thck,
    "Right Inferior Temporal" = R_Inferiortemporal_Thck,
    "Right Isthmuscingulate" = R_Isthmuscingulate_Thck,
    "Right Lateral Occipital" = R_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
    "Right Lateral Orbitofrontal" = R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Right Lingual" = R_Lingual_Thck,
    "Right Medial Orbitofrontal" = R_Medialorbitofrontal_Thck,
    "Right Middle Temporal"= R_Middletemporal_Thck,
    "Right _Parahippocampal" = R_Parahippocampal_Thck,
    "Right Paracentral" = R_Paracentral_Thck,
    "Right Parsopercularis"= R_Parsopercularis_Thck,
    "Right Parsorbitalis" = R_Parsorbitalis_Thck,
    "Right Parstriangularis" = R_Parstriangularis_Thck,
    "Right Pericalcarine" = R_Pericalcarine_Thck,
    "Right Postcentral" = R_Postcentral_Thck,
    "Right Posterior Cingulate" = R_Posteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Precentral" = R_Precentral_Thck,
    "Right Precuneus" = R_Precuneus_Thck,
    "Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate" = R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Thck,
    "Right Rostral Middle Frontal" = R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Frontal" = R_Superiorfrontal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Parietal" = R_Superiorparietal_Thck,
    "Right Superior Temporal" = R_Superiortemporal_Thck,
    "Right Supramarginal" = R_Supramarginal_Thck,
    "Right Frontal Pole" = R_Frontalpole_Thck,
    "Right Temporal Pole" = R_Temporalpole_Thck,                  
    "Right Transverse Temporal" = R_Transversetemporal_Thck,
    "Right Insula" = R_Insula_Thck ) %>%  tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 4)) %>% add_difference() %>% add_q(method = "holm", pvalue_fun = function(x) style_pvalue(x, digits = 3)) %>%  as_gt()
## add_q: Adjusting p-values with
## `stats::p.adjust(x$table_body$p.value, method = "holm")`
Characteristic White, N = 561 Black or African Am., N = 561 Difference2 95% CI2,3 p-value2 q-value4
Left Banks STS 2.666 (0.1759) 2.652 (0.1345) 0.01 -0.04, 0.07 0.6 >0.999
Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate 2.663 (0.2113) 2.742 (0.1818) -0.08 -0.15, -0.01 0.036 >0.999
Left Caudal Middle Frontal 2.719 (0.1462) 2.762 (0.1260) -0.04 -0.09, 0.01 0.095 >0.999
Left Cuneus 2.109 (0.1478) 2.040 (0.1011) 0.07 0.02, 0.12 0.004 0.277
Left Entorhinal 3.297 (0.2573) 3.271 (0.2034) 0.03 -0.06, 0.11 0.5 >0.999
Left Fusiform 2.859 (0.15727) 2.850 (0.09736) 0.01 -0.04, 0.06 0.7 >0.999
Left Inferior Parietal 2.583 (0.1366) 2.552 (0.1017) 0.03 -0.01, 0.08 0.2 >0.999
Left Inferior Temporal 2.912 (0.1602) 2.930 (0.1036) -0.02 -0.07, 0.03 0.5 >0.999
Left Isthmuscingulate 2.310 (0.3214) 2.273 (0.2116) 0.04 -0.07, 0.14 0.5 >0.999
Left Lateral Occipital 2.290 (0.1412) 2.234 (0.1040) 0.06 0.01, 0.10 0.019 >0.999
Left Lateral Orbitofrontal 2.807 (0.1446) 2.789 (0.1476) 0.02 -0.04, 0.07 0.5 >0.999
Left Lingual 2.162 (0.12492) 2.125 (0.09406) 0.04 -0.01, 0.08 0.084 >0.999
Left Medialorbitofrontal 2.543 (0.1550) 2.619 (0.1388) -0.08 -0.13, -0.02 0.007 0.431
Left Middletemporal 2.974 (0.1461) 2.950 (0.1184) 0.02 -0.03, 0.07 0.3 >0.999
Left Parahippocampal 2.755 (0.2896) 2.707 (0.2213) 0.05 -0.05, 0.14 0.3 >0.999
Left Paracentral 2.565 (0.1577) 2.542 (0.1193) 0.02 -0.03, 0.08 0.4 >0.999
Left Parsopercularis 2.746 (0.1571) 2.796 (0.1117) -0.05 -0.10, 0.00 0.057 >0.999
Left Parsorbitalis 2.762 (0.1583) 2.790 (0.1663) -0.03 -0.09, 0.03 0.4 >0.999
Left Parstriangularis 2.594 (0.1374) 2.634 (0.1437) -0.04 -0.09, 0.01 0.14 >0.999
Left Pericalcarine 2.011 (0.1348) 1.978 (0.1141) 0.03 -0.01, 0.08 0.2 >0.999
Left Postcentral 2.226 (0.12314) 2.176 (0.09014) 0.05 0.01, 0.09 0.017 0.925
Left Posterior Cingulate 2.582 (0.1440) 2.582 (0.1247) 0.00 -0.05, 0.05 >0.9 >0.999
Left Precentral 2.72 (0.14836) 2.74 (0.09945) -0.02 -0.07, 0.03 0.4 >0.999
Left Precuneus 2.532 (0.1408) 2.514 (0.1153) 0.02 -0.03, 0.07 0.5 >0.999
Left Rostral anterior cingulate 3.015 (0.2433) 3.081 (0.1964) -0.07 -0.15, 0.02 0.12 >0.999
Left Rostral middle frontal 2.550 (0.1138) 2.584 (0.1360) -0.03 -0.08, 0.01 0.2 >0.999
Left Superior Frontal 2.834 (0.1498) 2.869 (0.1321) -0.04 -0.09, 0.02 0.2 >0.999
Left Superior Parietal 2.294 (0.1276) 2.281 (0.1039) 0.01 -0.03, 0.06 0.6 >0.999
Left Superior Temporal 2.860 (0.1600) 2.888 (0.1137) -0.03 -0.08, 0.02 0.3 >0.999
Left Supramarginal 2.660 (0.1373) 2.633 (0.1116) 0.03 -0.02, 0.07 0.3 >0.999
Left Frontal Pole 2.788 (0.2336) 2.870 (0.2009) -0.08 -0.16, 0.00 0.047 >0.999
Left Temporal Pole 3.420 (0.2955) 3.411 (0.2510) 0.01 -0.09, 0.11 0.9 >0.999
Left Transverse Temporal 2.656 (0.2167) 2.598 (0.1683) 0.06 -0.01, 0.13 0.12 >0.999
Left Insula 3.053 (0.1763) 3.020 (0.1444) 0.03 -0.03, 0.09 0.3 >0.999
Right Banks STS 2.825 (0.1147) 2.744 (0.1603) 0.08 0.03, 0.13 0.003 0.168
Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate 2.506 (0.2427) 2.536 (0.2326) -0.03 -0.12, 0.06 0.5 >0.999
Right Caudal Middle Frontal 2.736 (0.09964) 2.777 (0.12289) -0.04 -0.08, 0.00 0.051 >0.999
Right Cuneus 2.106 (0.1036) 2.042 (0.1147) 0.06 0.02, 0.11 0.002 0.149
Right Entorhinal 3.463 (0.2274) 3.313 (0.2290) 0.15 0.06, 0.24 <0.001 0.048
Right Fusiform 2.896 (0.1133) 2.860 (0.1161) 0.04 -0.01, 0.08 0.10 >0.999
Right Inferior Parietal 2.663 (0.09938) 2.618 (0.09668) 0.05 0.01, 0.08 0.017 0.925
Right Inferior Temporal 2.983 (0.1087) 2.954 (0.1147) 0.03 -0.01, 0.07 0.2 >0.999
Right Isthmuscingulate 2.311 (0.1718) 2.304 (0.1802) 0.01 -0.06, 0.07 0.8 >0.999
Right Lateral Occipital 2.348 (0.1040) 2.273 (0.1102) 0.08 0.04, 0.12 <0.001 0.022
Right Lateral Orbitofrontal 2.821 (0.1242) 2.808 (0.1417) 0.01 -0.04, 0.06 0.6 >0.999
Right Lingual 2.197 (0.09829) 2.132 (0.10750) 0.06 0.03, 0.10 0.001 0.079
Right Medial Orbitofrontal 2.742 (0.1342) 2.774 (0.1516) -0.03 -0.09, 0.02 0.2 >0.999
Right Middle Temporal 3.070 (0.1032) 3.013 (0.1111) 0.06 0.02, 0.10 0.006 0.354
Right _Parahippocampal 2.725 (0.2558) 2.656 (0.1573) 0.07 -0.01, 0.15 0.086 >0.999
Right Paracentral 2.599 (0.1431) 2.588 (0.1187) 0.01 -0.04, 0.06 0.7 >0.999
Right Parsopercularis 2.831 (0.1010) 2.854 (0.1314) -0.02 -0.07, 0.02 0.3 >0.999
Right Parsorbitalis 2.836 (0.1417) 2.843 (0.1390) -0.01 -0.06, 0.05 0.8 >0.999
Right Parstriangularis 2.685 (0.09222) 2.703 (0.13813) -0.02 -0.06, 0.03 0.4 >0.999
Right Pericalcarine 2.022 (0.09597) 1.982 (0.12583) 0.04 0.00, 0.08 0.058 >0.999
Right Postcentral 2.260 (0.1091) 2.204 (0.1009) 0.06 0.02, 0.09 0.006 0.375
Right Posterior Cingulate 2.553 (0.1572) 2.511 (0.1506) 0.04 -0.02, 0.10 0.2 >0.999
Right Precentral 2.725 (0.1123) 2.739 (0.1121) -0.01 -0.06, 0.03 0.5 >0.999
Right Precuneus 2.578 (0.1091) 2.543 (0.1150) 0.04 -0.01, 0.08 0.10 >0.999
Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate 2.976 (0.1898) 3.056 (0.1737) -0.08 -0.15, -0.01 0.022 >0.999
Right Rostral Middle Frontal 2.576 (0.09665) 2.600 (0.13226) -0.02 -0.07, 0.02 0.3 >0.999
Right Superior Frontal 2.869 (0.1186) 2.897 (0.1461) -0.03 -0.08, 0.02 0.3 >0.999
Right Superior Parietal 2.339 (0.1031) 2.316 (0.1015) 0.02 -0.02, 0.06 0.2 >0.999
Right Superior Temporal 2.934 (0.1203) 2.942 (0.1237) -0.01 -0.05, 0.04 0.7 >0.999
Right Supramarginal 2.726 (0.1158) 2.668 (0.1017) 0.06 0.02, 0.10 0.006 0.352
Right Frontal Pole 2.824 (0.2109) 2.901 (0.2236) -0.08 -0.16, 0.00 0.063 >0.999
Right Temporal Pole 3.648 (0.2882) 3.588 (0.2633) 0.06 -0.04, 0.16 0.2 >0.999
Right Transverse Temporal 2.763 (0.1619) 2.653 (0.1645) 0.11 0.05, 0.17 <0.001 0.037
Right Insula 3.031 (0.1212) 2.969 (0.1447) 0.06 0.01, 0.11 0.016 0.914

1 Mean (SD)

2 Welch Two Sample t-test

3 CI = Confidence Interval

4 Holm correction for multiple testing

Graphs of brain cortical thickness with statistical significance after multiple comparisons analysis

data_paired_cortical_thickness_plotted <- data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_thickness %>% na.omit()   %>% dplyr::select(c(1,40,68,45))  %>% dplyr::rename(
    "Right Entorhinal*"= R_Entorhinal_Thck,
    "Right Transverse Temporal*"= R_Transversetemporal_Thck,   
    "Right Lateral Occipital*"= R_Lateraloccipital_Thck,
) %>% gather(key = "thickness", value = "milimeters", -Racial_identity)



plot_cortical_thickness_paired_permutation_facet <- ggplot(data = data_paired_cortical_thickness_plotted, aes(y = milimeters , x = thickness, fill = Racial_identity)) + 
geom_half_violin((aes(fill = factor(Racial_identity))),position = position_nudge(x = .6, y = 0), alpha = .8) +
 geom_boxplot(aes(y = milimeters , x = thickness,fill=Racial_identity), position = position_dodge(.5), notch = TRUE,outlier.shape = NA, width= 0.3, alpha =0.4, show.legend = FALSE) +  stat_summary(aes(y = milimeters , x = thickness,fill=Racial_identity),fun.y="mean",position = position_dodge(.5), show.legend = FALSE) +  geom_point((aes(colour = factor(Racial_identity))), position = position_jitterdodge(dodge.width = 0.55), size = .5, alpha = .8, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  #coord_cartesian(ylim=c(0,0.001)) + 
  facet_wrap(~thickness, scales = "free") +
#expand_limits(x = 6) +
#guides(fill = TRUE) +
#guides(color = TRUE) +
#scale_color_manual(values=c("red", "blue")) +
scale_fill_discrete(labels = c("Whites", "African Americans")) +
#scale_color_brewer(palette = "Spectral") +
#scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Spectral") +
#coord_flip() +
theme_light(base_size = 12, base_family = "Arial") +
  #ggtitle("Cortical Thickness Results") +
  xlab("") + ylab("Thickness (mm)") + labs(fill = "") + labs(col = "")  + theme(legend.position = "top",axis.text.x=element_blank(), strip.text.x = element_text(color = "black", face = "bold"))  #+ geom_signif(comparisons = list(c("White", "Black or African Am.")),tip_length=0,y_position = 9, textsize = 4)
## Warning: `fun.y` is deprecated. Use `fun` instead.
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_segment).

7. Brain cortical surface area analysis of paired sample t-test

## Selection of brain cortical thickness and Racial identity variables


data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface <- data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired %>% select(c(2,74:141)) %>%  dplyr::rename(
     L_Bankssts_Area = FS_L_Bankssts_Area,
    L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area = FS_L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area = FS_L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    L_Cuneus_Area = FS_L_Cuneus_Area,
    L_Entorhinal_Area = FS_L_Entorhinal_Area,
    L_Fusiform_Area = FS_L_Fusiform_Area, 
    L_Inferiorparietal_Area = FS_L_Inferiorparietal_Area, 
    L_Inferiortemporal_Area = FS_L_Inferiortemporal_Area, 
    L_Isthmuscingulate_Area = FS_L_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    L_Lateraloccipital_Area = FS_L_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area = FS_L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    L_Lingual_Area = FS_L_Lingual_Area,
    L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area = FS_L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    L_Middletemporal_Area = FS_L_Middletemporal_Area,
    L_Parahippocampal_Area = FS_L_Parahippocampal_Area,
    L_Paracentral_Area = FS_L_Paracentral_Area,
    L_Parsopercularis_Area = FS_L_Parsopercularis_Area,
    L_Parsorbitalis_Area = FS_L_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    L_Parstriangularis_Area = FS_L_Parstriangularis_Area,
    L_Pericalcarine_Area = FS_L_Pericalcarine_Area,
    L_Postcentral_Area = FS_L_Postcentral_Area,
    L_Posteriorcingulate_Area = FS_L_Posteriorcingulate_Area,
    L_Precentral_Area = FS_L_Precentral_Area,
    L_Precuneus_Area = FS_L_Precuneus_Area,
    L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area = FS_L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area = FS_L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    L_Superiorfrontal_Area = FS_L_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    L_Superiorparietal_Area = FS_L_Superiorparietal_Area,
    L_Superiortemporal_Area = FS_L_Superiortemporal_Area,
    L_Supramarginal_Area = FS_L_Supramarginal_Area,
    L_Frontalpole_Area = FS_L_Frontalpole_Area,
    L_Temporalpole_Area = FS_L_Temporalpole_Area,
    L_Transversetemporal_Area = FS_L_Transversetemporal_Area,
    L_Insula_Area = FS_L_Insula_Area,
    R_Bankssts_Area = FS_R_Bankssts_Area,
    R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area = FS_R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area = FS_R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    R_Cuneus_Area = FS_R_Cuneus_Area,
    R_Entorhinal_Area = FS_R_Entorhinal_Area,
    R_Fusiform_Area= FS_R_Fusiform_Area,
    R_Inferiorparietal_Area = FS_R_Inferiorparietal_Area,
    R_Inferiortemporal_Area = FS_R_Inferiortemporal_Area,
    R_Isthmuscingulate_Area = FS_R_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    R_Lateraloccipital_Area = FS_R_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area = FS_R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    R_Lingual_Area = FS_R_Lingual_Area,
    R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area = FS_R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    R_Middletemporal_Area = FS_R_Middletemporal_Area,
    R_Parahippocampal_Area = FS_R_Parahippocampal_Area,
    R_Paracentral_Area = FS_R_Paracentral_Area,
    R_Parsopercularis_Area = FS_R_Parsopercularis_Area,
    R_Parsorbitalis_Area = FS_R_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    R_Parstriangularis_Area = FS_R_Parstriangularis_Area,
    R_Pericalcarine_Area = FS_R_Pericalcarine_Area,
    R_Postcentral_Area = FS_R_Postcentral_Area,
    R_Posteriorcingulate_Area = FS_R_Posteriorcingulate_Area,            
    R_Precuneus_Area = FS_R_Precuneus_Area,
    R_Precentral_Area = FS_R_Precentral_Area,
    R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area = FS_R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area = FS_R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    R_Superiorfrontal_Area = FS_R_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    R_Superiorparietal_Area = FS_R_Superiorparietal_Area,
    R_Superiortemporal_Area = FS_R_Superiortemporal_Area, 
    R_Supramarginal_Area = FS_R_Supramarginal_Area,
    R_Frontalpole_Area = FS_R_Frontalpole_Area,
    R_Temporalpole_Area = FS_R_Temporalpole_Area,
    R_Transversetemporal_Area = FS_R_Transversetemporal_Area,            
    R_Insula_Area = FS_R_Insula_Area)
## $L_Bankssts_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.26949, df = 109.53, p-value = 0.7881
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -79.96000  60.81715
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1044.375                           1053.946 
## 
## 
## $L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -1.5015, df = 108.02, p-value = 0.1362
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -105.77394   14.59537
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           645.6250                           691.2143 
## 
## 
## $L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.183, df = 109.51, p-value = 0.2394
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -60.21554 238.57268
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2316.518                           2227.339 
## 
## 
## $L_Cuneus_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.9614, df = 103.26, p-value = 0.05253
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   -1.022931 184.808645
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1471.589                           1379.696 
## 
## 
## $L_Entorhinal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6684, df = 109.08, p-value = 0.09811
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -4.970434 57.863291
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           418.4821                           392.0357 
## 
## 
## $L_Fusiform_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.47084, df = 109.7, p-value = 0.6387
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -137.5908  223.3408
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3284.018                           3241.143 
## 
## 
## $L_Inferiorparietal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.18936, df = 109.89, p-value = 0.8502
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -240.0302  290.7445
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4581.089                           4555.732 
## 
## 
## $L_Inferiortemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.865, df = 109.69, p-value = 0.004998
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   78.90068 432.99218
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3407.875                           3151.929 
## 
## 
## $L_Isthmuscingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.095879, df = 105.06, p-value = 0.9238
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -128.2730  141.3087
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1046.107                           1039.589 
## 
## 
## $L_Lateraloccipital_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.2107, df = 109.95, p-value = 0.02913
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   26.50684 485.42173
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4688.732                           4432.768 
## 
## 
## $L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5086, df = 106.99, p-value = 0.1343
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -28.33834 208.80262
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2601.786                           2511.554 
## 
## 
## $L_Lingual_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.9126, df = 110, p-value = 0.004341
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   69.70558 366.50871
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3081.143                           2863.036 
## 
## 
## $L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.71686, df = 108.72, p-value = 0.475
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -74.84877 159.67020
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1970.036                           1927.625 
## 
## 
## $L_Middletemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.4572, df = 110, p-value = 0.1479
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -43.65366 286.18937
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3081.321                           2960.054 
## 
## 
## $L_Parahippocampal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.54888, df = 109.47, p-value = 0.5842
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -58.04605  32.86747
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           706.3750                           718.9643 
## 
## 
## $L_Paracentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.12086, df = 107.99, p-value = 0.904
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -70.53207  62.42493
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1309.321                           1313.375 
## 
## 
## $L_Parsopercularis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.9318, df = 105.6, p-value = 0.004132
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   49.56057 256.61800
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1742.304                           1589.214 
## 
## 
## $L_Parsorbitalis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.0869, df = 109.84, p-value = 0.2794
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -13.48162  46.23162
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           629.5536                           613.1786 
## 
## 
## $L_Parstriangularis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.89194, df = 109.3, p-value = 0.3744
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -45.60716 120.25002
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1311.000                           1273.679 
## 
## 
## $L_Pericalcarine_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.5708, df = 109.67, p-value = 0.01149
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   30.24662 233.78909
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1517.714                           1385.696 
## 
## 
## $L_Postcentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.55639, df = 108.89, p-value = 0.5791
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -146.9635  261.6778
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4056.196                           3998.839 
## 
## 
## $L_Posteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.76186, df = 101.38, p-value = 0.4479
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -94.27517  41.95374
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1175.411                           1201.571 
## 
## 
## $L_Precentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.2328, df = 95.842, p-value = 0.2207
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -99.53685 425.78685
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4762.321                           4599.196 
## 
## 
## $L_Precuneus_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6316, df = 109.15, p-value = 0.1056
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -32.93888 339.79602
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3764.125                           3610.696 
## 
## 
## $L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.025688, df = 109.48, p-value = 0.9796
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -62.80154  61.19439
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           829.4464                           830.2500 
## 
## 
## $L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.0612, df = 109.32, p-value = 0.2909
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -144.3499  477.0999
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           5976.839                           5810.464 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiorfrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.0998, df = 109.73, p-value = 0.03804
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   19.86009 687.35419
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           7284.839                           6931.232 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiorparietal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.2412, df = 99.758, p-value = 0.02723
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   33.33242 547.59615
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           5371.232                           5080.768 
## 
## 
## $L_Superiortemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.23849, df = 109.29, p-value = 0.812
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -199.1760  156.3903
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3738.661                           3760.054 
## 
## 
## $L_Supramarginal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.36032, df = 109.52, p-value = 0.7193
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -254.0909  175.9123
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3727.929                           3767.018 
## 
## 
## $L_Frontalpole_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5047, df = 108.93, p-value = 0.1353
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -3.228994 23.586137
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           205.2679                           195.0893 
## 
## 
## $L_Temporalpole_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5136, df = 108, p-value = 0.1331
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -5.749455 42.892312
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           495.9821                           477.4107 
## 
## 
## $L_Transversetemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.0085954, df = 103.91, p-value = 0.9932
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -32.81580  33.10151
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           445.9107                           445.7679 
## 
## 
## $L_Insula_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.72692, df = 109.73, p-value = 0.4688
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -62.36369 134.61369
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2221.107                           2184.982 
## 
## 
## $R_Bankssts_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.24716, df = 106.1, p-value = 0.8053
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -52.78608  67.82180
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           959.1429                           951.6250 
## 
## 
## $R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.26106, df = 108.5, p-value = 0.7945
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -66.04163  86.07734
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           800.2500                           790.2321 
## 
## 
## $R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.7604, df = 107.94, p-value = 0.08118
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -16.92267 285.52982
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2165.982                           2031.679 
## 
## 
## $R_Cuneus_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.5078, df = 97.319, p-value = 0.0138
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   25.18573 216.27856
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1524.857                           1404.125 
## 
## 
## $R_Entorhinal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.15073, df = 109.71, p-value = 0.8805
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -27.79174  23.86316
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           338.8036                           340.7679 
## 
## 
## $R_Fusiform_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5402, df = 106.83, p-value = 0.1265
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -37.6033 299.5676
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3222.054                           3091.071 
## 
## 
## $R_Inferiorparietal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.40398, df = 109.71, p-value = 0.687
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -350.1252  231.5538
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           5407.339                           5466.625 
## 
## 
## $R_Inferiortemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5149, df = 109.8, p-value = 0.1327
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -39.90203 298.83060
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3203.946                           3074.482 
## 
## 
## $R_Isthmuscingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.06992, df = 109.97, p-value = 0.9444
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -57.61608  61.83036
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           949.9107                           947.8036 
## 
## 
## $R_Lateraloccipital_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.7446, df = 109.36, p-value = 0.007083
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   87.43289 541.81711
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4596.214                           4281.589 
## 
## 
## $R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.1226, df = 109.36, p-value = 0.2641
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -48.90358 176.68929
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2549.893                           2486.000 
## 
## 
## $R_Lingual_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6552, df = 110, p-value = 0.1007
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -26.18431 291.57717
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3089.250                           2956.554 
## 
## 
## $R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.36, df = 108.72, p-value = 0.7195
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -71.36608 103.04465
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1788.857                           1773.018 
## 
## 
## $R_Middletemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6988, df = 107.37, p-value = 0.09225
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -24.0977 312.8834
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3450.482                           3306.089 
## 
## 
## $R_Parahippocampal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.054028, df = 104.19, p-value = 0.957
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -39.72267  37.61553
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           684.0179                           685.0714 
## 
## 
## $R_Paracentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.29361, df = 109.8, p-value = 0.7696
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -105.03720   77.93006
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1507.268                           1520.821 
## 
## 
## $R_Parsopercularis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.9115, df = 109.9, p-value = 0.004357
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   40.49036 213.11678
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1418.929                           1292.125 
## 
## 
## $R_Parsorbitalis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.9506, df = 107.17, p-value = 0.05371
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.6251245 77.4822674
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           783.4821                           745.0536 
## 
## 
## $R_Parstriangularis_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.15076, df = 109.43, p-value = 0.8804
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -86.10712 100.28569
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1527.750                           1520.661 
## 
## 
## $R_Pericalcarine_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.1593, df = 109.64, p-value = 0.033
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##    9.095631 212.225797
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1661.107                           1550.446 
## 
## 
## $R_Postcentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.34701, df = 109.98, p-value = 0.7292
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -164.3796  234.1653
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3915.929                           3881.036 
## 
## 
## $R_Posteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.6024, df = 105.6, p-value = 0.1121
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -13.63918 128.56775
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           1244.589                           1187.125 
## 
## 
## $R_Precentral_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.5384, df = 105.64, p-value = 0.1269
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -51.64664 409.28950
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           4869.893                           4691.071 
## 
## 
## $R_Precuneus_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.8168, df = 106.46, p-value = 0.07207
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -18.25783 418.50783
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3970.339                           3770.214 
## 
## 
## $R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.3769, df = 109.89, p-value = 0.1713
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -17.27346  95.91632
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           670.0893                           630.7679 
## 
## 
## $R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.64397, df = 106.24, p-value = 0.521
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -234.9571  461.0285
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           6152.821                           6039.786 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiorfrontal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 1.774, df = 109.29, p-value = 0.07885
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -33.95728 613.49299
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           7138.768                           6849.000 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiorparietal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.2099, df = 99.701, p-value = 0.0294
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   28.95055 537.58517
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           5383.893                           5100.625 
## 
## 
## $R_Superiortemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.23912, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.8115
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -172.6529  135.4743
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3581.911                           3600.500 
## 
## 
## $R_Supramarginal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.08714, df = 109.44, p-value = 0.9307
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -239.1316  218.9887
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           3607.321                           3617.393 
## 
## 
## $R_Frontalpole_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 2.8487, df = 109.34, p-value = 0.005246
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##   7.042025 39.243689
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           278.3750                           255.2321 
## 
## 
## $R_Temporalpole_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -1.2359, df = 108.66, p-value = 0.2192
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -40.031747   9.281747
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           421.0536                           436.4286 
## 
## 
## $R_Transversetemporal_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = -0.76892, df = 110, p-value = 0.4436
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -30.40746  13.40746
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           323.5714                           332.0714 
## 
## 
## $R_Insula_Area
## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  x by data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface$Racial_identity
## t = 0.44942, df = 109.99, p-value = 0.654
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -89.50275 142.00275
## sample estimates:
##                mean in group White mean in group Black or African Am. 
##                           2348.107                           2321.857

Multiple comparisons correction Holm-Bonferroni method

p-values Holm
L_Bankssts_Area 0.7880574 1.0000000
L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area 0.1361507 1.0000000
L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area 0.2393538 1.0000000
L_Cuneus_Area 0.0525284 1.0000000
L_Entorhinal_Area 0.0981067 1.0000000
L_Fusiform_Area 0.6386889 1.0000000
L_Inferiorparietal_Area 0.8501637 1.0000000
L_Inferiortemporal_Area 0.0049984 0.3248982
L_Isthmuscingulate_Area 0.9237993 1.0000000
L_Lateraloccipital_Area 0.0291266 1.0000000
L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area 0.1343496 1.0000000
L_Lingual_Area 0.0043412 0.2908593
L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area 0.4749954 1.0000000
L_Middletemporal_Area 0.1479087 1.0000000
L_Parahippocampal_Area 0.5842050 1.0000000
L_Paracentral_Area 0.9040230 1.0000000
L_Parsopercularis_Area 0.0041320 0.2809784
L_Parsorbitalis_Area 0.2794489 1.0000000
L_Parstriangularis_Area 0.3743829 1.0000000
L_Pericalcarine_Area 0.0114852 0.7120830
L_Postcentral_Area 0.5790882 1.0000000
L_Posteriorcingulate_Area 0.4479141 1.0000000
L_Precentral_Area 0.2206688 1.0000000
L_Precuneus_Area 0.1056360 1.0000000
L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area 0.9795533 1.0000000
L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area 0.2909410 1.0000000
L_Superiorfrontal_Area 0.0380431 1.0000000
L_Superiorparietal_Area 0.0272278 1.0000000
L_Superiortemporal_Area 0.8119512 1.0000000
L_Supramarginal_Area 0.7193011 1.0000000
L_Frontalpole_Area 0.1353072 1.0000000
L_Temporalpole_Area 0.1330515 1.0000000
L_Transversetemporal_Area 0.9931584 1.0000000
L_Insula_Area 0.4688239 1.0000000
R_Bankssts_Area 0.8052620 1.0000000
R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area 0.7945411 1.0000000
R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area 0.0811770 1.0000000
R_Cuneus_Area 0.0138038 0.8420288
R_Entorhinal_Area 0.8804687 1.0000000
R_Fusiform_Area 0.1264595 1.0000000
R_Inferiorparietal_Area 0.6870127 1.0000000
R_Inferiortemporal_Area 0.1326712 1.0000000
R_Isthmuscingulate_Area 0.9443839 1.0000000
R_Lateraloccipital_Area 0.0070833 0.4462473
R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area 0.2640524 1.0000000
R_Lingual_Area 0.1007423 1.0000000
R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area 0.7195461 1.0000000
R_Middletemporal_Area 0.0922539 1.0000000
R_Parahippocampal_Area 0.9570161 1.0000000
R_Paracentral_Area 0.7696099 1.0000000
R_Parsopercularis_Area 0.0043569 0.2908593
R_Parsorbitalis_Area 0.0537140 1.0000000
R_Parstriangularis_Area 0.8804440 1.0000000
R_Pericalcarine_Area 0.0330046 1.0000000
R_Postcentral_Area 0.7292468 1.0000000
R_Posteriorcingulate_Area 0.1120627 1.0000000
R_Precentral_Area 0.1269485 1.0000000
R_Precuneus_Area 0.0720686 1.0000000
R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area 0.1713353 1.0000000
R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area 0.5209797 1.0000000
R_Superiorfrontal_Area 0.0788455 1.0000000
R_Superiorparietal_Area 0.0293995 1.0000000
R_Superiortemporal_Area 0.8114578 1.0000000
R_Supramarginal_Area 0.9307194 1.0000000
R_Frontalpole_Area 0.0052459 0.3357350
R_Temporalpole_Area 0.2191526 1.0000000
R_Transversetemporal_Area 0.4435908 1.0000000
R_Insula_Area 0.6540143 1.0000000
## [1] pvalue Holm  
## <0 rows> (or 0-length row.names)

Table statistical summary of brain surface area

data_connectomehcp_filtered_paired_cortical_surface %>% 
dplyr::rename(
    "Left Banks STS" = L_Bankssts_Area,
    "Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate" = L_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Caudal Middle Frontal" = L_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Left Cuneus" = L_Cuneus_Area,
    "Left Entorhinal" = L_Entorhinal_Area,
    "Left Fusiform" = L_Fusiform_Area, 
    "Left Inferior Parietal" = L_Inferiorparietal_Area,
    "Left Inferior Temporal" = L_Inferiortemporal_Area,
    "Left Isthmuscingulate" = L_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    "Left Lateral Occipital" = L_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    "Left Lateral Orbitofrontal" = L_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Left Lingual"  = L_Lingual_Area,
    "Left Medialorbitofrontal" = L_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Left Middletemporal" = L_Middletemporal_Area,
    "Left Parahippocampal" = L_Parahippocampal_Area,
    "Left Paracentral" = L_Paracentral_Area,
    "Left Parsopercularis" = L_Parsopercularis_Area,
    "Left Parsorbitalis" = L_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    "Left Parstriangularis" = L_Parstriangularis_Area,
    "Left Pericalcarine" = L_Pericalcarine_Area,
    "Left Postcentral" = L_Postcentral_Area,
    "Left Posterior Cingulate" = L_Posteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Precentral" = L_Precentral_Area,
    "Left Precuneus" = L_Precuneus_Area,
    "Left Rostral anterior cingulate" = L_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Left Rostral middle frontal" = L_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Left Superior Frontal" = L_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    "Left Superior Parietal" = L_Superiorparietal_Area,
    "Left Superior Temporal" = L_Superiortemporal_Area,
    "Left Supramarginal" = L_Supramarginal_Area,
    "Left Frontal Pole" = L_Frontalpole_Area,
    "Left Temporal Pole" = L_Temporalpole_Area,
    "Left Transverse Temporal" = L_Transversetemporal_Area,
    "Left Insula" = L_Insula_Area,
    "Right Banks STS" = R_Bankssts_Area,
    "Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate"= R_Caudalanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Caudal Middle Frontal" = R_Caudalmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Right Cuneus" = R_Cuneus_Area,
    "Right Entorhinal" = R_Entorhinal_Area,
    "Right Fusiform" = R_Fusiform_Area,
    "Right Inferior Parietal" =R_Inferiorparietal_Area,
    "Right Inferior Temporal" = R_Inferiortemporal_Area,
    "Right Isthmuscingulate" = R_Isthmuscingulate_Area,
    "Right Lateral Occipital" = R_Lateraloccipital_Area,
    "Right Lateral Orbitofrontal" = R_Lateralorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Right Lingual" = R_Lingual_Area,
    "Right Medial Orbitofrontal" = R_Medialorbitofrontal_Area,
    "Right Middle Temporal"= R_Middletemporal_Area,
    "Right Parahippocampal" = R_Parahippocampal_Area,
    "Right Paracentral" = R_Paracentral_Area,
    "Right Parsopercularis"= R_Parsopercularis_Area,
    "Right Parsorbitalis" = R_Parsorbitalis_Area,
    "Right Parstriangularis" = R_Parstriangularis_Area,
    "Right Pericalcarine" = R_Pericalcarine_Area,
    "Right Postcentral" = R_Postcentral_Area,
    "Right Posterior Cingulate" = R_Posteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Precentral" = R_Precentral_Area,
    "Right Precuneus" = R_Precuneus_Area,
    "Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate" = R_Rostralanteriorcingulate_Area,
    "Right Rostral Middle Frontal" = R_Rostralmiddlefrontal_Area,
    "Right Superior Frontal" = R_Superiorfrontal_Area,
    "Right Superior Parietal" = R_Superiorparietal_Area,
    "Right Superior Temporal" = R_Superiortemporal_Area,
    "Right Supramarginal" = R_Supramarginal_Area,
    "Right Frontal Pole" = R_Frontalpole_Area,
    "Right Temporal Pole" = R_Temporalpole_Area,                  
    "Right Transverse Temporal" = R_Transversetemporal_Area,
    "Right Insula" = R_Insula_Area ) %>%  tbl_summary(by = Racial_identity, statistic = list(all_continuous() ~ "{mean} ({sd})"), digits = all_continuous() ~ function(x) format(x, format = "e", digits = 5)) %>% add_difference() %>% add_q(method = "holm", pvalue_fun = function(x) style_pvalue(x, digits = 3)) %>%  as_gt()
## add_q: Adjusting p-values with
## `stats::p.adjust(x$table_body$p.value, method = "holm")`
Characteristic White, N = 561 Black or African Am., N = 561 Difference2 95% CI2,3 p-value2 q-value4
Left Banks STS 1044.4 (193.98) 1053.9 (181.69) -9.6 -80, 61 0.8 >0.999
Left Caudal Anterior Cingulate 645.62 (149.40) 691.21 (171.19) -46 -106, 15 0.14 >0.999
Left Caudal Middle Frontal 2316.5 (385.36) 2227.3 (411.95) 89 -60, 239 0.2 >0.999
Left Cuneus 1471.6 (277.79) 1379.7 (213.90) 92 -1.0, 185 0.053 >0.999
Left Entorhinal 418.48 (87.646) 392.04 (79.933) 26 -5.0, 58 0.10 >0.999
Left Fusiform 3284.0 (468.98) 3241.1 (494.38) 43 -138, 223 0.6 >0.999
Left Inferior Parietal 4581.1 (719.89) 4555.7 (697.13) 25 -240, 291 0.9 >0.999
Left Inferior Temporal 3407.9 (485.12) 3151.9 (459.97) 256 79, 433 0.005 0.325
Left Isthmuscingulate 1046.1 (318.34) 1039.6 (396.80) 6.5 -128, 141 >0.9 >0.999
Left Lateral Occipital 4688.7 (619.19) 4432.8 (606.08) 256 27, 485 0.029 >0.999
Left Lateral Orbitofrontal 2601.8 (342.02) 2511.6 (288.72) 90 -28, 209 0.13 >0.999
Left Lingual 3081.1 (395.55) 2863.0 (396.94) 218 70, 367 0.004 0.291
Left Medialorbitofrontal 1970.0 (295.60) 1927.6 (329.58) 42 -75, 160 0.5 >0.999
Left Middletemporal 3081.3 (439.63) 2960.1 (441.08) 121 -44, 286 0.15 >0.999
Left Parahippocampal 706.38 (125.51) 718.96 (117.08) -13 -58, 33 0.6 >0.999
Left Paracentral 1309.3 (189.19) 1313.4 (164.92) -4.1 -71, 62 >0.9 >0.999
Left Parsopercularis 1742.3 (303.20) 1589.2 (246.49) 153 50, 257 0.004 0.281
Left Parsorbitalis 629.55 (81.233) 613.18 (78.176) 16 -13, 46 0.3 >0.999
Left Parstriangularis 1311.0 (230.09) 1273.7 (212.37) 37 -46, 120 0.4 >0.999
Left Pericalcarine 1517.7 (279.10) 1385.7 (264.15) 132 30, 234 0.011 0.712
Left Postcentral 4056.2 (572.38) 3998.8 (517.21) 57 -147, 262 0.6 >0.999
Left Posterior Cingulate 1175.4 (206.50) 1201.6 (152.93) -26 -94, 42 0.4 >0.999
Left Precentral 4762.3 (823.82) 4599.2 (549.39) 163 -100, 426 0.2 >0.999
Left Precuneus 3764.1 (475.09) 3610.7 (519.09) 153 -33, 340 0.11 >0.999
Left Rostral anterior cingulate 829.45 (171.11) 830.25 (159.75) -0.80 -63, 61 >0.9 >0.999
Left Rostral middle frontal 5976.8 (861.81) 5810.5 (796.10) 166 -144, 477 0.3 >0.999
Left Superior Frontal 7284.8 (913.00) 6931.2 (868.67) 354 20, 687 0.038 >0.999
Left Superior Parietal 5371.2 (788.03) 5080.8 (565.34) 290 33, 548 0.027 >0.999
Left Superior Temporal 3738.7 (493.40) 3760.1 (455.16) -21 -199, 156 0.8 >0.999
Left Supramarginal 3727.9 (592.74) 3767.0 (554.73) -39 -254, 176 0.7 >0.999
Left Frontal Pole 205.27 (37.527) 195.09 (33.976) 10 -3.2, 24 0.14 >0.999
Left Temporal Pole 495.98 (69.199) 477.41 (60.350) 19 -5.7, 43 0.13 >0.999
Left Transverse Temporal 445.91 (98.018) 445.77 (76.559) 0.14 -33, 33 >0.9 >0.999
Left Insula 2221.1 (269.44) 2185.0 (256.33) 36 -62, 135 0.5 >0.999
Right Banks STS 959.14 (175.71) 951.62 (144.70) 7.5 -53, 68 0.8 >0.999
Right Caudal Anterior Cingulate 800.25 (190.76) 790.23 (214.64) 10 -66, 86 0.8 >0.999
Right Caudal Middle Frontal 2166.0 (374.76) 2031.7 (430.70) 134 -17, 286 0.081 >0.999
Right Cuneus 1524.9 (297.19) 1404.1 (203.64) 121 25, 216 0.014 0.842
Right Entorhinal 338.80 (70.712) 340.77 (67.162) -2.0 -28, 24 0.9 >0.999
Right Fusiform 3222.1 (487.21) 3091.1 (409.40) 131 -38, 300 0.13 >0.999
Right Inferior Parietal 5407.3 (796.12) 5466.6 (756.46) -59 -350, 232 0.7 >0.999
Right Inferior Temporal 3203.9 (442.37) 3074.5 (461.85) 129 -40, 299 0.13 >0.999
Right Isthmuscingulate 949.91 (160.81) 947.80 (158.11) 2.1 -58, 62 >0.9 >0.999
Right Lateral Occipital 4596.2 (582.93) 4281.6 (629.35) 315 87, 542 0.007 0.446
Right Lateral Orbitofrontal 2549.9 (312.51) 2486.0 (289.36) 64 -49, 177 0.3 >0.999
Right Lingual 3089.2 (424.60) 2956.6 (423.85) 133 -26, 292 0.10 >0.999
Right Medial Orbitofrontal 1788.9 (245.13) 1773.0 (219.82) 16 -71, 103 0.7 >0.999
Right Middle Temporal 3450.5 (483.69) 3306.1 (413.05) 144 -24, 313 0.092 >0.999
Right Parahippocampal 684.02 (114.723) 685.07 ( 90.185) -1.1 -40, 38 >0.9 >0.999
Right Paracentral 1507.3 (238.96) 1520.8 (249.46) -14 -105, 78 0.8 >0.999
Right Parsopercularis 1418.9 (233.89) 1292.1 (226.98) 127 40, 213 0.004 0.291
Right Parsorbitalis 783.48 (112.394) 745.05 ( 95.406) 38 -0.63, 77 0.054 >0.999
Right Parstriangularis 1527.8 (257.68) 1520.7 (239.65) 7.1 -86, 100 0.9 >0.999
Right Pericalcarine 1661.1 (278.88) 1550.4 (263.25) 111 9.1, 212 0.033 >0.999
Right Postcentral 3915.9 (528.94) 3881.0 (535.20) 35 -164, 234 0.7 >0.999
Right Posterior Cingulate 1244.6 (208.23) 1187.1 (169.30) 57 -14, 129 0.11 >0.999
Right Precentral 4869.9 (674.70) 4691.1 (549.05) 179 -52, 409 0.13 >0.999
Right Precuneus 3970.3 (633.84) 3770.2 (527.04) 200 -18, 419 0.072 >0.999
Right Rostral Anterior Cingulate 670.09 (153.44) 630.77 (148.74) 39 -17, 96 0.2 >0.999
Right Rostral Middle Frontal 6152.8 (1012.47) 6039.8 ( 836.83) 113 -235, 461 0.5 >0.999
Right Superior Frontal 7138.8 (898.47) 6849.0 (828.76) 290 -34, 613 0.079 >0.999
Right Superior Parietal 5383.9 (779.69) 5100.6 (558.74) 283 29, 538 0.029 >0.999
Right Superior Temporal 3581.9 (409.29) 3600.5 (413.43) -19 -173, 135 0.8 >0.999
Right Supramarginal 3607.3 (633.01) 3617.4 (589.36) -10 -239, 219 >0.9 >0.999
Right Frontal Pole 278.38 (44.632) 255.23 (41.278) 23 7.0, 39 0.005 0.336
Right Temporal Pole 421.05 (62.057) 436.43 (69.392) -15 -40, 9.3 0.2 >0.999
Right Transverse Temporal 323.57 (58.445) 332.07 (58.545) -8.5 -30, 13 0.4 >0.999
Right Insula 2348.1 (307.35) 2321.9 (310.78) 26 -90, 142 0.7 >0.999

1 Mean (SD)

2 Welch Two Sample t-test

3 CI = Confidence Interval

4 Holm correction for multiple testing